Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters
Transport between the endoplasmatic reticulum, the Golgi-network, the endo-lysosomal system and the cell surface can be categorized as anterograde or retrograde, describing traffic that goes forward or backward, respectively. Traffic going from the plasma membrane to endosomes and lysosomes or the...
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doaj-6741ed9a4dd44decb8b42a893d3ac94b2020-11-24T23:57:33ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752015-07-015328830610.3390/membranes5030288membranes5030288Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and TransportersStine C. Klinger0Piotr Siupka1Morten S. Nielsen2The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative on Brain Barriers and Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkTransport between the endoplasmatic reticulum, the Golgi-network, the endo-lysosomal system and the cell surface can be categorized as anterograde or retrograde, describing traffic that goes forward or backward, respectively. Traffic going from the plasma membrane to endosomes and lysosomes or the trans-Golgi network (TGN) constitutes the major retrograde transport routes. Several transmembrane proteins undergo retrograde transport as part of a recycling mechanism that contributes to reutilization and maintenance of a steady-state protein localization. In addition, some receptors are hijacked by exotoxins and used for entry and intracellular transport. The physiological relevance of retrograde transport cannot be overstated. Retrograde trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein determines the distribution between organelles, and hence the possibility of cleavage by γ-secretase. Right balancing of the pathways is critical for protection against Alzheimer’s disease. During embryonic development, retrograde transport of Wntless to the TGN is essential for the following release of Wnt from the plasma membrane. Furthermore, overexpression of Wntless has been linked to oncogenesis. Here, we review relevant aspects of the retrograde trafficking of mammalian transmembrane receptors and transporters, with focus on the retromer-mediated transport between endosomes and the TGN.http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/5/3/288retrogradetraffickingtransmembranereceptortransporterretromerTGNendosomessortilinsMPRs |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Stine C. Klinger Piotr Siupka Morten S. Nielsen |
spellingShingle |
Stine C. Klinger Piotr Siupka Morten S. Nielsen Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters Membranes retrograde trafficking transmembrane receptor transporter retromer TGN endosomes sortilins MPRs |
author_facet |
Stine C. Klinger Piotr Siupka Morten S. Nielsen |
author_sort |
Stine C. Klinger |
title |
Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters |
title_short |
Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters |
title_full |
Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters |
title_fullStr |
Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Retromer-Mediated Trafficking of Transmembrane Receptors and Transporters |
title_sort |
retromer-mediated trafficking of transmembrane receptors and transporters |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Membranes |
issn |
2077-0375 |
publishDate |
2015-07-01 |
description |
Transport between the endoplasmatic reticulum, the Golgi-network, the endo-lysosomal system and the cell surface can be categorized as anterograde or retrograde, describing traffic that goes forward or backward, respectively. Traffic going from the plasma membrane to endosomes and lysosomes or the trans-Golgi network (TGN) constitutes the major retrograde transport routes. Several transmembrane proteins undergo retrograde transport as part of a recycling mechanism that contributes to reutilization and maintenance of a steady-state protein localization. In addition, some receptors are hijacked by exotoxins and used for entry and intracellular transport. The physiological relevance of retrograde transport cannot be overstated. Retrograde trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein determines the distribution between organelles, and hence the possibility of cleavage by γ-secretase. Right balancing of the pathways is critical for protection against Alzheimer’s disease. During embryonic development, retrograde transport of Wntless to the TGN is essential for the following release of Wnt from the plasma membrane. Furthermore, overexpression of Wntless has been linked to oncogenesis. Here, we review relevant aspects of the retrograde trafficking of mammalian transmembrane receptors and transporters, with focus on the retromer-mediated transport between endosomes and the TGN. |
topic |
retrograde trafficking transmembrane receptor transporter retromer TGN endosomes sortilins MPRs |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/5/3/288 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT stinecklinger retromermediatedtraffickingoftransmembranereceptorsandtransporters AT piotrsiupka retromermediatedtraffickingoftransmembranereceptorsandtransporters AT mortensnielsen retromermediatedtraffickingoftransmembranereceptorsandtransporters |
_version_ |
1725453306289979392 |