Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide

Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide

Iron catalyst precursors promoted with oxides of calcium, aluminum, and lithium were prepared by a fusion method. Using XRD analysis, it was found that catalyst precursors had a magnetite structure. Lithium oxide, which is dependent on the Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> mola...

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Main Authors: Roman Jedrzejewski, Zofia Lendzion-Bielun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-10-01
Series:Catalysts
Subjects:
iron catalyst
ammonia synthesis
lithium oxide
reduction
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/494
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spelling doaj-689d2fd3ba7e41719a2e32928976f5082020-11-24T22:58:49ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442018-10-0181149410.3390/catal8110494catal8110494Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium OxideRoman Jedrzejewski0Zofia Lendzion-Bielun1Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, PolandInstitute of Inorganic Chemical Technology and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, ul. Pułaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, PolandIron catalyst precursors promoted with oxides of calcium, aluminum, and lithium were prepared by a fusion method. Using XRD analysis, it was found that catalyst precursors had a magnetite structure. Lithium oxide, which is dependent on the Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> molar ratio in a catalyst, was built into the magnetite structure as a solid solution and/or formed a separate Li<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> phase. Lithium oxide forming the solid solution in magnetite accelerated the magnetite phase reduction. However, it was observed that magnetite, in the presence of lithium oxide, was not reduced to iron directly, but to a transient phase, Li<sub>2</sub>O·xFeO, where x &lt; 3 was formed, which meant that the reduction to iron was much slower. Activity of the catalysts promoted with lithium oxide increased, while the degree of reduction increased.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/494iron catalystammonia synthesislithium oxidereduction
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Roman Jedrzejewski
Zofia Lendzion-Bielun
spellingShingle Roman Jedrzejewski
Zofia Lendzion-Bielun
Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide
Catalysts
iron catalyst
ammonia synthesis
lithium oxide
reduction
author_facet Roman Jedrzejewski
Zofia Lendzion-Bielun
author_sort Roman Jedrzejewski
title Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide
title_short Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide
title_full Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide
title_fullStr Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide
title_full_unstemmed Reduction Process of Iron Catalyst Precursors for Ammonia Synthesis Doped with Lithium Oxide
title_sort reduction process of iron catalyst precursors for ammonia synthesis doped with lithium oxide
publisher MDPI AG
series Catalysts
issn 2073-4344
publishDate 2018-10-01
description Iron catalyst precursors promoted with oxides of calcium, aluminum, and lithium were prepared by a fusion method. Using XRD analysis, it was found that catalyst precursors had a magnetite structure. Lithium oxide, which is dependent on the Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup> molar ratio in a catalyst, was built into the magnetite structure as a solid solution and/or formed a separate Li<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> phase. Lithium oxide forming the solid solution in magnetite accelerated the magnetite phase reduction. However, it was observed that magnetite, in the presence of lithium oxide, was not reduced to iron directly, but to a transient phase, Li<sub>2</sub>O·xFeO, where x &lt; 3 was formed, which meant that the reduction to iron was much slower. Activity of the catalysts promoted with lithium oxide increased, while the degree of reduction increased.
topic iron catalyst
ammonia synthesis
lithium oxide
reduction
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/8/11/494
work_keys_str_mv AT romanjedrzejewski reductionprocessofironcatalystprecursorsforammoniasynthesisdopedwithlithiumoxide
AT zofialendzionbielun reductionprocessofironcatalystprecursorsforammoniasynthesisdopedwithlithiumoxide
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