| Summary: | This paper intends to draw an overview of the main theoretical perspectives researching environmental questions within the discipline of International Relations (IR), mainly those related with security studies. In order to accomplish that, we carried on a review of the literature produced on the subject for the past 50 years, when the discussion entered in the political and academic agenda. We noticed that the main theories of environmental security can be systematic organized in two major groups: on one side, theories that discuss the Environment-Conflict Thesis, and on the other side those that focus on the dynamics of Human and Ecological Security. The analysis of the research produced on the issue of international water resources showed that such division is also present in this literature, limiting the possibilities of investigation. Finally, we propose a series of elements that can contribute to further develop this area of research in the direction of a more comprehensive inquiry into environmental security. These suggestions include adjusting the level of analysis, incorporating multiple agents, and articulating different security issues.
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