Veçoritë hidrografike dhe hidrogjologjike të parkut kombëtar ,,Bjeshkët e Nemuna”

• Main Authors: Hazir ÇADRAKU, Rizah MURSELI, Shpend AGAJ
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Geo-SEE Institute 2014-12-01
• Series: Micro, Macro & Mezzo Geoinformation
• Subjects: park; geomorphology; hydrographs; hydrogeology; aquifer
• Online Access: http://mmm-gi.geo-see.org/wp-content/uploads/MMM-GI_3/Cadraku_H-Murseli_R-Agaj_Sh.pdf
• ISSN: 1857-9000; 1857-9019

National Park ,,Bjeshkët e Nemuna” is located in the western part of Dukagjini basin (Fig. 1) with direction of expansion North - South. Its area is 63.027.75 hectares, which administratively belongs to: Istog Municipality 50.74 km2 or 8.05%, Peja Municipality 328.47 km2 or 52.11%, Decani municipality 167.86 km2 or 26.63%, Junik municipality 52.72 km2 or 8.37% , Gjakova Municipality 30.48 km2 ose 4.84%, (ISP, 2013). Elevation ranges from 500 to 2656 m (Gjaravica top). In geomorphologic point of view is characterized by gorges, valleys, karst phenomena, glacial, fluvioglacial and denudation. The most important Geomorphic- elements present; Rugova Gorge, Decani Lumbardh Gorge and Radavci source which forms in a short distance: source, waterfall and gorge (Pasha H, 1975). These natural phenomena intertwined between them represent a diverse terrain and interesting which should be protected, because presents a potential also for developing the education, research, tourism, recreation etc. The purpose of this paper is to highlight hydrographic and geological features of the National Park ,,Bjeshkët e Nemuna” in order to valorize this area in terms of protection of natural values and economic benefits. There is a mountain climate with continental climate elements (eastern part) (Pllana, 1991). Average monthly temperatures range from -0,33°C to 21,37°C, Peja station and Istog station from 0.3 ° C to 20.8 ° C (IH,, Jarosllav Çerni, 1983). In the period 1992-1998, temperatures ranged from 0,94°C to 22,2°C, with an annual average of 11.4 ° C (Peja station), while from 2.32 ° C to 21.7 ° C, with an annual average of 12.2 ° C (Istog station) (KHI, 2010). Fluctuation of temperatures in Peja station during 2002-2007, was from -0.18° C to 24°C (Peja station) (KHI, 2008). In the period 2010-2012, temperatures ranged from -2.1 ° C to 23.0 ° C (Peja station) (KHI, 2012). Apart from all periods resulted that the coldest month is January, and the hottest month is August. The average annual rainfall range from 650 mm (the field area) to over 1400 mm (the mountain area). The time period 1948-1978 results in average annual precipitation 1408 mm (Junik station), 886 mm (Peja station) and 706 mm (Gjurakoc station) (IH,, Jarosllav Çerni, 1983). In the period 1992-1998, annual rainfall in Peja station 761.8 mm and in Istog station 515.8 mm (KHI, 2010). The average annual rainfall during 2002-2007 in Peja are recorded to be 820,05mm . In the period 2010-2012 in Peja station was recorded the average annual rainfall of 529.43 mm (KHI, 2013). The hydrographic network is well developed. The main rivers are: Lumëbardhi of Peja, Decani, Lloqan and Erenik River. Peja Lumëbardhi in Drelaj hydrometric station showed annual water flow of Qmes.vjet.=4,33 m3/s. Lumëbardhi of Decani in Decani hydrometric station showed that average annual water flow is Qmes.vjet.=4,64 m3/s. All waters flow eastward and southeast and discharge to the White Drin river. Geological structure is quite diversified and complex. Older formations are those of Paleozoic while the newer ones are Quaternary (Mekshiqi N., et.al. 2009). In view of the hydro geological characteristics (ICMM 2006), geological, lithological, structural and tectonic area of the park are four distinct types of aquifers (aquifer horizons) water, aquifer with intergranular porosity, porous aquifer crevices and cracks, aquifer with karst porosity and terrain without water (ICMM, 2006). As above, this paper gives a synthetic overview of hydrographic and geological aspects of the National Park ,,Bjeshkët e Nemuna’’ using modern methods of processing, based on historical and recent data. The paper is interesting in terms of application of works and projects for economic and tourist evaluation and valorization of water resources in the area of National Park ,,Bjeshkët e Nemuna’’.