Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle
Enzootic bovine leukosis is a lethal neoplastic disease caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV), belongs to family Retroviridae. The BLV proviral load (PVL) represents the quantity of BLV genome that has integrated into the host’s genome in BLV-infected cells. Bovine leukocyte antigen (<i>BoLA&l...
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doaj-69dfece12f2c4927a9953b284dc67b602021-03-02T00:02:54ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-03-011164764710.3390/ani11030647Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected CattleHala El Daous0Shuya Mitoma1Eslam Elhanafy2Nguyen Thi Huyen3Mai Thi Ngan4Kosuke Notsu5Chiho Kaneko6Junzo Norimine7Satoshi Sekiguchi8Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanGraduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Qalyubia 13736, EgyptNational Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 100000, VietnamFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, VietnamGraduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake-cho, Miyazaki 889-1692, JapanCenter for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanCenter for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanCenter for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, JapanEnzootic bovine leukosis is a lethal neoplastic disease caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV), belongs to family Retroviridae. The BLV proviral load (PVL) represents the quantity of BLV genome that has integrated into the host’s genome in BLV-infected cells. Bovine leukocyte antigen (<i>BoLA</i>) class II allelic polymorphisms are associated with PVLs in BLV-infected cattle. We sought to identify relationships between <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> allelic heterozygosity and BLV PVLs among different cattle breeds. Blood samples from 598 BLV-infected cattle were quantified to determine their PVLs by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results were confirmed by a BLV-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction identified 22 <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> alleles. Multivariate negative binomial regression modeling was used to test for associations between BLV PVLs and <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> alleles. <i>BoLA-DRB3.2*3</i>, <i>*7</i>, <i>*8</i>, <i>*11</i>, <i>*22</i>, <i>*24</i>, and <i>*28</i> alleles were significantly associated with low PVLs. <i>BoLA-DRB3.2*10</i> was significantly associated with high PVLs. Some heterozygous allele combinations were associated with low PVLs <i>(*3/*28</i>, <i>*7/*8</i>, <i>*8/*11</i>, <i>*10/*11</i>, and <i>*11/*16)</i>; others were associated with high PVLs <i>(*1/*41</i>, <i>*10/*16</i>, <i>*10/*41</i>, <i>*16/*27</i>, and <i>*22/*27)</i>. Interestingly, the <i>BoLA-DRB3.2*11</i> heterozygous allele was always strongly and independently associated with low PVLs. This is the first reported evidence of an association between heterozygous allelic combinations and BLV PVLs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/647<i>BoLA-DRB3</i> allele combinationsbovine leukemia virusheterozygous allelesproviral loadRFLP-PCR |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hala El Daous Shuya Mitoma Eslam Elhanafy Nguyen Thi Huyen Mai Thi Ngan Kosuke Notsu Chiho Kaneko Junzo Norimine Satoshi Sekiguchi |
spellingShingle |
Hala El Daous Shuya Mitoma Eslam Elhanafy Nguyen Thi Huyen Mai Thi Ngan Kosuke Notsu Chiho Kaneko Junzo Norimine Satoshi Sekiguchi Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle Animals <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> allele combinations bovine leukemia virus heterozygous alleles proviral load RFLP-PCR |
author_facet |
Hala El Daous Shuya Mitoma Eslam Elhanafy Nguyen Thi Huyen Mai Thi Ngan Kosuke Notsu Chiho Kaneko Junzo Norimine Satoshi Sekiguchi |
author_sort |
Hala El Daous |
title |
Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle |
title_short |
Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle |
title_full |
Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle |
title_fullStr |
Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relationship between Allelic Heterozygosity in <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> and Proviral Loads in Bovine Leukemia Virus-Infected Cattle |
title_sort |
relationship between allelic heterozygosity in <i>bola-drb3</i> and proviral loads in bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Animals |
issn |
2076-2615 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Enzootic bovine leukosis is a lethal neoplastic disease caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV), belongs to family Retroviridae. The BLV proviral load (PVL) represents the quantity of BLV genome that has integrated into the host’s genome in BLV-infected cells. Bovine leukocyte antigen (<i>BoLA</i>) class II allelic polymorphisms are associated with PVLs in BLV-infected cattle. We sought to identify relationships between <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> allelic heterozygosity and BLV PVLs among different cattle breeds. Blood samples from 598 BLV-infected cattle were quantified to determine their PVLs by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results were confirmed by a BLV-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction identified 22 <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> alleles. Multivariate negative binomial regression modeling was used to test for associations between BLV PVLs and <i>BoLA-DRB3</i> alleles. <i>BoLA-DRB3.2*3</i>, <i>*7</i>, <i>*8</i>, <i>*11</i>, <i>*22</i>, <i>*24</i>, and <i>*28</i> alleles were significantly associated with low PVLs. <i>BoLA-DRB3.2*10</i> was significantly associated with high PVLs. Some heterozygous allele combinations were associated with low PVLs <i>(*3/*28</i>, <i>*7/*8</i>, <i>*8/*11</i>, <i>*10/*11</i>, and <i>*11/*16)</i>; others were associated with high PVLs <i>(*1/*41</i>, <i>*10/*16</i>, <i>*10/*41</i>, <i>*16/*27</i>, and <i>*22/*27)</i>. Interestingly, the <i>BoLA-DRB3.2*11</i> heterozygous allele was always strongly and independently associated with low PVLs. This is the first reported evidence of an association between heterozygous allelic combinations and BLV PVLs. |
topic |
<i>BoLA-DRB3</i> allele combinations bovine leukemia virus heterozygous alleles proviral load RFLP-PCR |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/3/647 |
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