Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action

Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action

Endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) are agents of pathogenicity of Gram-negative bacteria, implicated in the development of Gram-negative shock. Endotoxin reacts with lipopolysaccharide-sensitive cells producing endogenous mediators such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Macrophages are cell...

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Main Authors: C. Galanos, M. A. Freudenberg
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 1993-01-01
Series:Mediators of Inflammation
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/S0962935193000687
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spelling doaj-69e7c8fb090448a3a54f13f9f9733a8e2020-11-25T01:04:42ZengHindawi LimitedMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18611993-01-0127S11S1610.1155/S0962935193000687Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of actionC. Galanos0M. A. Freudenberg1Max-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 7800, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Immunbiologie, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 7800, GermanyEndotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) are agents of pathogenicity of Gram-negative bacteria, implicated in the development of Gram-negative shock. Endotoxin reacts with lipopolysaccharide-sensitive cells producing endogenous mediators such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Macrophages are cells mediating the toxic activities of LPS and TNFα is the primary mediator of the lethal action of endotoxin. This review article discusses the various mechanisms by which endotoxin hypersensitivity in bacteria-sensitized animals develops. The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible protective effect of carnitine congeners against the lethal action of LPS.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/S0962935193000687
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author C. Galanos
M. A. Freudenberg
spellingShingle C. Galanos
M. A. Freudenberg
Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
Mediators of Inflammation
author_facet C. Galanos
M. A. Freudenberg
author_sort C. Galanos
title Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
title_short Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
title_full Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
title_fullStr Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
title_full_unstemmed Bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
title_sort bacterial endotoxins: biological properties and mechanisms of action
publisher Hindawi Limited
series Mediators of Inflammation
issn 0962-9351
1466-1861
publishDate 1993-01-01
description Endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) are agents of pathogenicity of Gram-negative bacteria, implicated in the development of Gram-negative shock. Endotoxin reacts with lipopolysaccharide-sensitive cells producing endogenous mediators such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Macrophages are cells mediating the toxic activities of LPS and TNFα is the primary mediator of the lethal action of endotoxin. This review article discusses the various mechanisms by which endotoxin hypersensitivity in bacteria-sensitized animals develops. The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible protective effect of carnitine congeners against the lethal action of LPS.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/S0962935193000687
work_keys_str_mv AT cgalanos bacterialendotoxinsbiologicalpropertiesandmechanismsofaction
AT mafreudenberg bacterialendotoxinsbiologicalpropertiesandmechanismsofaction
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