The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview
The increasing use of tungsten in the production of green energy in the aerospace and military industries, and in many other hi-tech applications, may increase the content of this element in soil. This overview examines some aspects of the behavior of tungsten in soil, such as the importance of char...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-07-01
|
Series: | Environments |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/8/7/66 |
id |
doaj-6a5b49b3fb7f4ebeb5b6874e4bd9ae2a |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-6a5b49b3fb7f4ebeb5b6874e4bd9ae2a2021-07-23T13:39:56ZengMDPI AGEnvironments2076-32982021-07-018666610.3390/environments8070066The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An OverviewGianniantonio Petruzzelli0Francesca Pedron1Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, ItalyInstitute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Council of Research, 56124 Pisa, ItalyThe increasing use of tungsten in the production of green energy in the aerospace and military industries, and in many other hi-tech applications, may increase the content of this element in soil. This overview examines some aspects of the behavior of tungsten in soil, such as the importance of characteristics of soils in relation to bioavailability processes, the chemical approaches to evaluate tungsten mobility in the soil environment and the importance of adsorption and desorption processes. Tungsten behavior depends on soil properties of which the most important is soil pH, which determines the solubility and polymerization of tungstate ions and the characteristics of the adsorbing soil surfaces. During the adsorption and desorption of tungsten, iron, and aluminum oxides, and hydroxides play a key role as they are the most important adsorbing surfaces for tungsten. The behavior of tungsten compounds in the soil determines the transfer of this element in plants and therefore in the food chain. Despite the growing importance of tungsten in everyday life, environmental regulations concerning soil do not take this element into consideration. The purpose of this review is also to provide some basic information that could be useful when considering tungsten in environmental legislation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/8/7/66tungstensoil propertiesbioavailabilityplant uptake |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gianniantonio Petruzzelli Francesca Pedron |
spellingShingle |
Gianniantonio Petruzzelli Francesca Pedron The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview Environments tungsten soil properties bioavailability plant uptake |
author_facet |
Gianniantonio Petruzzelli Francesca Pedron |
author_sort |
Gianniantonio Petruzzelli |
title |
The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview |
title_short |
The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview |
title_full |
The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview |
title_fullStr |
The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Dynamics of Tungsten in Soil: An Overview |
title_sort |
dynamics of tungsten in soil: an overview |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Environments |
issn |
2076-3298 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
The increasing use of tungsten in the production of green energy in the aerospace and military industries, and in many other hi-tech applications, may increase the content of this element in soil. This overview examines some aspects of the behavior of tungsten in soil, such as the importance of characteristics of soils in relation to bioavailability processes, the chemical approaches to evaluate tungsten mobility in the soil environment and the importance of adsorption and desorption processes. Tungsten behavior depends on soil properties of which the most important is soil pH, which determines the solubility and polymerization of tungstate ions and the characteristics of the adsorbing soil surfaces. During the adsorption and desorption of tungsten, iron, and aluminum oxides, and hydroxides play a key role as they are the most important adsorbing surfaces for tungsten. The behavior of tungsten compounds in the soil determines the transfer of this element in plants and therefore in the food chain. Despite the growing importance of tungsten in everyday life, environmental regulations concerning soil do not take this element into consideration. The purpose of this review is also to provide some basic information that could be useful when considering tungsten in environmental legislation. |
topic |
tungsten soil properties bioavailability plant uptake |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/8/7/66 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT gianniantoniopetruzzelli thedynamicsoftungsteninsoilanoverview AT francescapedron thedynamicsoftungsteninsoilanoverview AT gianniantoniopetruzzelli dynamicsoftungsteninsoilanoverview AT francescapedron dynamicsoftungsteninsoilanoverview |
_version_ |
1721288461704495104 |