Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein.
Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal disease in endemic settings throughout the world. Diagnosis of E. histolytica infection would be improved by the identification of biomarkers that are expressed by cysts of E. histolytica, but not by cysts of closely related commensal species of Entamoeba. Her...
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Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004697 |
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doaj-6a60892208ba4e239b144955ef29c3b22021-03-03T08:26:28ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352016-05-01105e000469710.1371/journal.pntd.0004697Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein.Lauren J SpadaforaMoira R KearneyAbdullah SiddiqueIbne K AliCarol A GilchristTuhinur ArjuBenjamin HoffstromFelicia K NguyenWilliam A PetriRashidul HaqueGerard A CangelosiEntamoeba histolytica causes intestinal disease in endemic settings throughout the world. Diagnosis of E. histolytica infection would be improved by the identification of biomarkers that are expressed by cysts of E. histolytica, but not by cysts of closely related commensal species of Entamoeba. Herein, we describe two novel monoclonal antibodies (1A4 and 1D3) produced against a spacer region of the E. histolytica Jacob2 lectin, an outer cyst wall protein. These reagents demonstrated no cross-reaction to E. dispar recombinant antigen and low picomolar molecular detection limits when paired in ELISA sandwich assays. In an immunofluorescence microscopy assay, the α-Jacob2 murine antibodies labeled cysts of three xenically cultured E. histolytica isolates but did not label cysts of three E. bangladeshi isolates. Monoclonal antibody 1A4 did not cross-react with xenic cultures of three E. dispar isolates, demonstrating specificity to E. histolytica, while monoclonal antibody 1D3 cross-reacted with two out of three E. dispar isolates. Both antibodies labeled cysts in formalin-fixed slides, a potential logistical advantage in some settings. The monoclonal antibody 1A4 was also used in an immunofluorescence microscopy assay with formalin-fixed stool specimens. Seven out of ten ELISA-positive stool specimens exhibited 1A4-labeled cyst-like objects, compared to one out of seven ELISA-negative specimens. These results demonstrate that antibodies generated against the flexible spacer of E. histolytica Jacob2 lectin recognize and bind to Jacob2 protein in whole cysts and are capable of differentiating Entamoeba species in fixed specimens. Thus, Jacob2 is a promising biomarker for use in diagnosing E. histolytica infection.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004697 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lauren J Spadafora Moira R Kearney Abdullah Siddique Ibne K Ali Carol A Gilchrist Tuhinur Arju Benjamin Hoffstrom Felicia K Nguyen William A Petri Rashidul Haque Gerard A Cangelosi |
spellingShingle |
Lauren J Spadafora Moira R Kearney Abdullah Siddique Ibne K Ali Carol A Gilchrist Tuhinur Arju Benjamin Hoffstrom Felicia K Nguyen William A Petri Rashidul Haque Gerard A Cangelosi Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
author_facet |
Lauren J Spadafora Moira R Kearney Abdullah Siddique Ibne K Ali Carol A Gilchrist Tuhinur Arju Benjamin Hoffstrom Felicia K Nguyen William A Petri Rashidul Haque Gerard A Cangelosi |
author_sort |
Lauren J Spadafora |
title |
Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein. |
title_short |
Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein. |
title_full |
Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein. |
title_fullStr |
Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Species-Specific Immunodetection of an Entamoeba histolytica Cyst Wall Protein. |
title_sort |
species-specific immunodetection of an entamoeba histolytica cyst wall protein. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
issn |
1935-2727 1935-2735 |
publishDate |
2016-05-01 |
description |
Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal disease in endemic settings throughout the world. Diagnosis of E. histolytica infection would be improved by the identification of biomarkers that are expressed by cysts of E. histolytica, but not by cysts of closely related commensal species of Entamoeba. Herein, we describe two novel monoclonal antibodies (1A4 and 1D3) produced against a spacer region of the E. histolytica Jacob2 lectin, an outer cyst wall protein. These reagents demonstrated no cross-reaction to E. dispar recombinant antigen and low picomolar molecular detection limits when paired in ELISA sandwich assays. In an immunofluorescence microscopy assay, the α-Jacob2 murine antibodies labeled cysts of three xenically cultured E. histolytica isolates but did not label cysts of three E. bangladeshi isolates. Monoclonal antibody 1A4 did not cross-react with xenic cultures of three E. dispar isolates, demonstrating specificity to E. histolytica, while monoclonal antibody 1D3 cross-reacted with two out of three E. dispar isolates. Both antibodies labeled cysts in formalin-fixed slides, a potential logistical advantage in some settings. The monoclonal antibody 1A4 was also used in an immunofluorescence microscopy assay with formalin-fixed stool specimens. Seven out of ten ELISA-positive stool specimens exhibited 1A4-labeled cyst-like objects, compared to one out of seven ELISA-negative specimens. These results demonstrate that antibodies generated against the flexible spacer of E. histolytica Jacob2 lectin recognize and bind to Jacob2 protein in whole cysts and are capable of differentiating Entamoeba species in fixed specimens. Thus, Jacob2 is a promising biomarker for use in diagnosing E. histolytica infection. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004697 |
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