Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems
A transition from conventional centralized to hybrid decentralized systems has been increasingly advised recently due to their capability to enhance the resilience and sustainability of urban water supply systems. Reusing treated wastewater for non-potable purposes is a promising opportunity toward...
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doaj-6b1f4dc47b54495498e68b0711ef97802021-08-06T15:33:46ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-07-01132004200410.3390/w13152004Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply SystemsAakash Dev0Timo C. Dilly1Amin E. Bakhshipour2Ulrich Dittmer3S. Murty Bhallamudi4Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, IndiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management, University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 14, 67663 Kaiserslautern, GermanyDepartment of Civil Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management, University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 14, 67663 Kaiserslautern, GermanyDepartment of Civil Engineering, Institute of Urban Water Management, University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 14, 67663 Kaiserslautern, GermanyIndian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, IndiaA transition from conventional centralized to hybrid decentralized systems has been increasingly advised recently due to their capability to enhance the resilience and sustainability of urban water supply systems. Reusing treated wastewater for non-potable purposes is a promising opportunity toward the aforementioned resolutions. In this study, we present two optimization models for integrating reusing systems into existing sewerage systems to bridge the supply–demand gap in an existing water supply system. In Model-1, the supply–demand gap is bridged by introducing on-site graywater treatment and reuse, and in Model-2, the gap is bridged by decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. The applicability of the proposed models is evaluated using two test cases: one a proof-of-concept hypothetical network and the other a near realistic network based on the sewerage network in Chennai, India. The results show that the proposed models outperform the existing approaches by achieving more than a 20% reduction in the cost of procuring water and more than a 36% reduction in the demand for freshwater through the implementation of local on-site graywater reuse for both test cases. These numbers are about 12% and 34% respectively for the implementation of decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/15/2004urban water supply systemshybrid decentralized systemsresiliencesustainabilityoptimizationon-site graywater treatment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Aakash Dev Timo C. Dilly Amin E. Bakhshipour Ulrich Dittmer S. Murty Bhallamudi |
spellingShingle |
Aakash Dev Timo C. Dilly Amin E. Bakhshipour Ulrich Dittmer S. Murty Bhallamudi Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems Water urban water supply systems hybrid decentralized systems resilience sustainability optimization on-site graywater treatment |
author_facet |
Aakash Dev Timo C. Dilly Amin E. Bakhshipour Ulrich Dittmer S. Murty Bhallamudi |
author_sort |
Aakash Dev |
title |
Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems |
title_short |
Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems |
title_full |
Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems |
title_fullStr |
Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems |
title_sort |
optimal implementation of wastewater reuse in existing sewerage systems to improve resilience and sustainability in water supply systems |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Water |
issn |
2073-4441 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
A transition from conventional centralized to hybrid decentralized systems has been increasingly advised recently due to their capability to enhance the resilience and sustainability of urban water supply systems. Reusing treated wastewater for non-potable purposes is a promising opportunity toward the aforementioned resolutions. In this study, we present two optimization models for integrating reusing systems into existing sewerage systems to bridge the supply–demand gap in an existing water supply system. In Model-1, the supply–demand gap is bridged by introducing on-site graywater treatment and reuse, and in Model-2, the gap is bridged by decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. The applicability of the proposed models is evaluated using two test cases: one a proof-of-concept hypothetical network and the other a near realistic network based on the sewerage network in Chennai, India. The results show that the proposed models outperform the existing approaches by achieving more than a 20% reduction in the cost of procuring water and more than a 36% reduction in the demand for freshwater through the implementation of local on-site graywater reuse for both test cases. These numbers are about 12% and 34% respectively for the implementation of decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. |
topic |
urban water supply systems hybrid decentralized systems resilience sustainability optimization on-site graywater treatment |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/15/2004 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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