Comparative advantages in production and export of Vietnam rice

• Main Authors: Võ Minh Sang, Đỗ Văn Xê
• Format: Article
• Language: Vietnamese
• Published: TẠP CHÍ KHOA HỌC ĐẠI HỌC MỞ THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH 2020-08-01
• Series: Tạp chí Khoa học Đại học Mở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh - Kinh tế và Quản trị kinh doanh
• Subjects: chi phí nội nguồn; lợi thế so sánh của gạo việt nam
• Online Access: https://journalofscience.ou.edu.vn/index.php/econ-vi/article/view/625
• ISSN: 2734-9306; 2734-9578

Vietnam was among the top 3 of the world rice exporters from 2000-2015, and enjoys a good comparative advantage. But in recent years the rice export value has been on the decline, which raises a question whether Vietnam will be able to maintain this advantage compared with other rice exporters? The purposes of this study are to: (1) analyze the comparative advantages in rice production and export; (2) analyze the causes affecting the comparative advantage in rice export, and (3) propose solutions to enhance the comparative advantages of Vietnam's rice export. Through the use of quantitative research method, the data were collected from the farms in the Mekong Delta. The sample was selected by stratified random method. The results show that Vietnam did not have the comparative advantage in rice production and export from 2013 to 2015. In terms of mobilized social resources Vietnam spent 1.22 USD to produce and export rice, but only got back 1 USD, which means that using national resources are no longer effective. This is explained by the fact that Vietnam’s rice export price has been reduced, while the cost of rice production has risen. Solution: (1) Planning to organize the production stages in order to balance supply and demand, and increase the number of high-quality rice varieties so as to increase export prices; (2) Promote the application of advanced techniques in production - processing and (3) Raise the value of Vietnam’s rice brand.