Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review
Abstract Periodontal disease is categorized by the destruction of periodontal tissues. Over the years, there have been several clinical techniques and material options that been investigated for periodontal defect repair/regeneration. The development of improved biomaterials for periodontal tissue e...
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doaj-6b7e05f28b214906b3b425e2e97901092020-11-24T20:55:56ZengBMCBiomaterials Research2055-71242017-06-0121112010.1186/s40824-017-0095-5Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a reviewZeeshan Sheikh0Nader Hamdan1Yuichi Ikeda2Marc Grynpas3Bernhard Ganss4Michael Glogauer5Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoDepartment of Dental Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie UniversityMatrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoLunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai HospitalMatrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoMatrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of TorontoAbstract Periodontal disease is categorized by the destruction of periodontal tissues. Over the years, there have been several clinical techniques and material options that been investigated for periodontal defect repair/regeneration. The development of improved biomaterials for periodontal tissue engineering has significantly improved the available treatment options and their clinical results. Bone replacement graft materials, barrier membranes, various growth factors and combination of these have been used. The available bone tissue replacement materials commonly used include autografts, allografts, xenografts and alloplasts. These graft materials mostly function as osteogenic, osteoinductive and/or osteoconductive scaffolds. Polymers (natural and synthetic) are more widely used as a barrier material in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) applications. They work on the principle of epithelial cell exclusion to allow periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells to repopulate the defect before the normally faster epithelial cells. However, in an attempt to overcome complications related to the epithelial down-growth and/or collapse of the non-rigid barrier membrane and to maintain space, clinicians commonly use a combination of membranes with hard tissue grafts. This article aims to review various available natural tissues and biomaterial based bone replacement graft and membrane options used in periodontal regeneration applications.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40824-017-0095-5 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zeeshan Sheikh Nader Hamdan Yuichi Ikeda Marc Grynpas Bernhard Ganss Michael Glogauer |
spellingShingle |
Zeeshan Sheikh Nader Hamdan Yuichi Ikeda Marc Grynpas Bernhard Ganss Michael Glogauer Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review Biomaterials Research |
author_facet |
Zeeshan Sheikh Nader Hamdan Yuichi Ikeda Marc Grynpas Bernhard Ganss Michael Glogauer |
author_sort |
Zeeshan Sheikh |
title |
Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review |
title_short |
Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review |
title_full |
Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review |
title_fullStr |
Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review |
title_sort |
natural graft tissues and synthetic biomaterials for periodontal and alveolar bone reconstructive applications: a review |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Biomaterials Research |
issn |
2055-7124 |
publishDate |
2017-06-01 |
description |
Abstract Periodontal disease is categorized by the destruction of periodontal tissues. Over the years, there have been several clinical techniques and material options that been investigated for periodontal defect repair/regeneration. The development of improved biomaterials for periodontal tissue engineering has significantly improved the available treatment options and their clinical results. Bone replacement graft materials, barrier membranes, various growth factors and combination of these have been used. The available bone tissue replacement materials commonly used include autografts, allografts, xenografts and alloplasts. These graft materials mostly function as osteogenic, osteoinductive and/or osteoconductive scaffolds. Polymers (natural and synthetic) are more widely used as a barrier material in guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) applications. They work on the principle of epithelial cell exclusion to allow periodontal ligament and alveolar bone cells to repopulate the defect before the normally faster epithelial cells. However, in an attempt to overcome complications related to the epithelial down-growth and/or collapse of the non-rigid barrier membrane and to maintain space, clinicians commonly use a combination of membranes with hard tissue grafts. This article aims to review various available natural tissues and biomaterial based bone replacement graft and membrane options used in periodontal regeneration applications. |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40824-017-0095-5 |
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