Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines
Helminths contribute a larger global burden of disease than both malaria and tuberculosis. These eukaryotes have caused human infections since before our earliest recorded history (i.e.: earlier than 1200 B.C. for Schistosoma spp.). Despite the prevalence and importance of these infections, helminth...
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doaj-6b95a674cc504e17a74a4b0f0a83a14b2021-08-19T15:31:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-08-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.711650711650Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth VaccinesDilhan J. Perera0Dilhan J. Perera1Momar Ndao2Momar Ndao3Momar Ndao4Momar Ndao5Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaProgram of Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDivision of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaProgram of Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaNational Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, CanadaHelminths contribute a larger global burden of disease than both malaria and tuberculosis. These eukaryotes have caused human infections since before our earliest recorded history (i.e.: earlier than 1200 B.C. for Schistosoma spp.). Despite the prevalence and importance of these infections, helminths are considered a neglected tropical disease for which there are no vaccines approved for human use. Similar to other parasites, helminths are complex organisms which employ a plethora of features such as: complex life cycles, chronic infections, and antigenic mimicry to name a few, making them difficult to target by conventional vaccine strategies. With novel vaccine strategies such as viral vectors and genetic elements, numerous constructs are being defined for a wide range of helminth parasites; however, it has yet to be discussed which of these approaches may be the most effective. With human trials being conducted, and a pipeline of potential anti-helminthic antigens, greater understanding of helminth vaccine-induced immunity is necessary for the development of potent vaccine platforms and their optimal design. This review outlines the conventional and the most promising approaches in clinical and preclinical helminth vaccinology.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.711650/fullhelminthvaccineadjuvantnucleic acid vaccinerecombinant protein vaccineviral vector |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dilhan J. Perera Dilhan J. Perera Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Momar Ndao |
spellingShingle |
Dilhan J. Perera Dilhan J. Perera Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines Frontiers in Immunology helminth vaccine adjuvant nucleic acid vaccine recombinant protein vaccine viral vector |
author_facet |
Dilhan J. Perera Dilhan J. Perera Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Momar Ndao Momar Ndao |
author_sort |
Dilhan J. Perera |
title |
Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines |
title_short |
Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines |
title_full |
Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines |
title_fullStr |
Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines |
title_full_unstemmed |
Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines |
title_sort |
promising technologies in the field of helminth vaccines |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Helminths contribute a larger global burden of disease than both malaria and tuberculosis. These eukaryotes have caused human infections since before our earliest recorded history (i.e.: earlier than 1200 B.C. for Schistosoma spp.). Despite the prevalence and importance of these infections, helminths are considered a neglected tropical disease for which there are no vaccines approved for human use. Similar to other parasites, helminths are complex organisms which employ a plethora of features such as: complex life cycles, chronic infections, and antigenic mimicry to name a few, making them difficult to target by conventional vaccine strategies. With novel vaccine strategies such as viral vectors and genetic elements, numerous constructs are being defined for a wide range of helminth parasites; however, it has yet to be discussed which of these approaches may be the most effective. With human trials being conducted, and a pipeline of potential anti-helminthic antigens, greater understanding of helminth vaccine-induced immunity is necessary for the development of potent vaccine platforms and their optimal design. This review outlines the conventional and the most promising approaches in clinical and preclinical helminth vaccinology. |
topic |
helminth vaccine adjuvant nucleic acid vaccine recombinant protein vaccine viral vector |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.711650/full |
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