Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity
Objectives. Oxidative stress contributes to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology and progression. The objective was to describe central and peripheral metabolites of redox metabolism and to describe correlations between glutathione (Glu) status, age, and disease severity. Methods. 58 otherwise h...
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doaj-6bfe9344c7404756a1acd4fbdb3cc02b2020-11-24T23:54:20ZengHindawi LimitedOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity1942-09001942-09942016-01-01201610.1155/2016/94093639409363Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease SeverityLaurie K. Mischley0Leanna J. Standish1Noel S. Weiss2Jeannie M. Padowski3Terrance J. Kavanagh4Collin C. White5Michael E. Rosenfeld6Bastyr University Research Institute, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98133, USABastyr University Research Institute, 14500 Juanita Drive NE, Kenmore, WA 98133, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington (UW), 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Sciences Building F-262, P.O. Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195, USAElson S. Floyd College of Medicine and College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, USADepartment of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, P.O. Box 357234, Seattle, WA 98195, USADepartment of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, P.O. Box 357234, Seattle, WA 98195, USADepartment of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, P.O. Box 357234, Seattle, WA 98195, USAObjectives. Oxidative stress contributes to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology and progression. The objective was to describe central and peripheral metabolites of redox metabolism and to describe correlations between glutathione (Glu) status, age, and disease severity. Methods. 58 otherwise healthy individuals with PD were examined during a single study visit. Descriptive statistics and scatterplots were used to evaluate normality and distribution of this cross-sectional sample. Blood tests and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were used to collect biologic data. Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength and direction of the association. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes in PD (PRO-PD) were used to rate disease severity using regression analysis. Results. Blood measures of Glu decreased with age, although there was no age-related decline in MRS Glu. The lower the blood Glu concentration, the more severe the UPDRS (P=0.02, 95% CI: −13.96, −1.14) and the PRO-PD (P=0.01, 95% CI: −0.83, −0.11) scores. Discussion. These data suggest whole blood Glu may have utility as a biomarker in PD. Future studies should evaluate whether it is a modifiable risk factor for PD progression and whether Glu fortification improves PD outcomes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9409363 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Laurie K. Mischley Leanna J. Standish Noel S. Weiss Jeannie M. Padowski Terrance J. Kavanagh Collin C. White Michael E. Rosenfeld |
spellingShingle |
Laurie K. Mischley Leanna J. Standish Noel S. Weiss Jeannie M. Padowski Terrance J. Kavanagh Collin C. White Michael E. Rosenfeld Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
author_facet |
Laurie K. Mischley Leanna J. Standish Noel S. Weiss Jeannie M. Padowski Terrance J. Kavanagh Collin C. White Michael E. Rosenfeld |
author_sort |
Laurie K. Mischley |
title |
Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity |
title_short |
Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity |
title_full |
Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity |
title_fullStr |
Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glutathione as a Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease: Associations with Aging and Disease Severity |
title_sort |
glutathione as a biomarker in parkinson’s disease: associations with aging and disease severity |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
issn |
1942-0900 1942-0994 |
publishDate |
2016-01-01 |
description |
Objectives. Oxidative stress contributes to Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology and progression. The objective was to describe central and peripheral metabolites of redox metabolism and to describe correlations between glutathione (Glu) status, age, and disease severity. Methods. 58 otherwise healthy individuals with PD were examined during a single study visit. Descriptive statistics and scatterplots were used to evaluate normality and distribution of this cross-sectional sample. Blood tests and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were used to collect biologic data. Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the strength and direction of the association. The Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes in PD (PRO-PD) were used to rate disease severity using regression analysis. Results. Blood measures of Glu decreased with age, although there was no age-related decline in MRS Glu. The lower the blood Glu concentration, the more severe the UPDRS (P=0.02, 95% CI: −13.96, −1.14) and the PRO-PD (P=0.01, 95% CI: −0.83, −0.11) scores. Discussion. These data suggest whole blood Glu may have utility as a biomarker in PD. Future studies should evaluate whether it is a modifiable risk factor for PD progression and whether Glu fortification improves PD outcomes. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9409363 |
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