Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows

Crow deaths were observed after West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into North America, and this phenomenon has subsequently been used to monitor the spread of the virus. To investigate potential differences in the crow virulence of different WNV strains, American Crows were inoculated with Old Wor...

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Main Authors: Aaron C. Brault, Stanley A. Langevin, Richard A. Bowen, Nicholas A. Panella, Brad J. Biggerstaff, Barry R. Miller, Nicholas Komar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2004-12-01
Series:Emerging Infectious Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/12/04-0486_article
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spelling doaj-6c0cd81144434e398fc6a914686eea992020-11-25T00:33:25ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592004-12-0110122161216810.3201/eid1012.040486Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American CrowsAaron C. BraultStanley A. LangevinRichard A. BowenNicholas A. PanellaBrad J. BiggerstaffBarry R. MillerNicholas KomarCrow deaths were observed after West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into North America, and this phenomenon has subsequently been used to monitor the spread of the virus. To investigate potential differences in the crow virulence of different WNV strains, American Crows were inoculated with Old World strains of WNV from Kenya and Australia (Kunjin) and a North American (NY99) WNV genotype. Infection of crows with NY99 genotype resulted in high serum viremia levels and death; the Kenyan and Kunjin genotypes elicited low viremia levels and minimal deaths, but resulted in the generation of neutralizing antibodies capable of providing 100% protection from infection with the NY99 strain. These results suggest that genetic alterations in NY99 WNV are responsible for the crow-virulent phenotype and that increased replication of this strain in crows could spread WNV in North America.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/12/04-0486_articleWest Nile virusAmerican CrowsstrainsmortalityvirulenceKunjin
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Aaron C. Brault
Stanley A. Langevin
Richard A. Bowen
Nicholas A. Panella
Brad J. Biggerstaff
Barry R. Miller
Nicholas Komar
spellingShingle Aaron C. Brault
Stanley A. Langevin
Richard A. Bowen
Nicholas A. Panella
Brad J. Biggerstaff
Barry R. Miller
Nicholas Komar
Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
Emerging Infectious Diseases
West Nile virus
American Crows
strains
mortality
virulence
Kunjin
author_facet Aaron C. Brault
Stanley A. Langevin
Richard A. Bowen
Nicholas A. Panella
Brad J. Biggerstaff
Barry R. Miller
Nicholas Komar
author_sort Aaron C. Brault
title Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
title_short Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
title_full Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
title_fullStr Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
title_full_unstemmed Differential Virulence of West Nile Strains for American Crows
title_sort differential virulence of west nile strains for american crows
publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
series Emerging Infectious Diseases
issn 1080-6040
1080-6059
publishDate 2004-12-01
description Crow deaths were observed after West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into North America, and this phenomenon has subsequently been used to monitor the spread of the virus. To investigate potential differences in the crow virulence of different WNV strains, American Crows were inoculated with Old World strains of WNV from Kenya and Australia (Kunjin) and a North American (NY99) WNV genotype. Infection of crows with NY99 genotype resulted in high serum viremia levels and death; the Kenyan and Kunjin genotypes elicited low viremia levels and minimal deaths, but resulted in the generation of neutralizing antibodies capable of providing 100% protection from infection with the NY99 strain. These results suggest that genetic alterations in NY99 WNV are responsible for the crow-virulent phenotype and that increased replication of this strain in crows could spread WNV in North America.
topic West Nile virus
American Crows
strains
mortality
virulence
Kunjin
url https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/12/04-0486_article
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