Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats
Background: Maytenus heterophylla (M. heterophylla) is commonly used in African traditional medicine for the management of various ailments. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and safety properties of the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla in Wister rats. Methods: The...
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doaj-6cd3d9bdc2b74ab4afba678a230939a82020-11-24T21:45:12ZengArak University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Toxicology2008-29672251-94592019-10-011343944Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar RatsSheriff Itopa Umar0Bashir Lawal*1Bala Alkali Mohammed2Cyril Ifeanyi Obiekezie3Abdulsalam Hassan Adewuyi4Shukurat Bisola Babalola5Stephen Damaola Ariyeloye6MTech of Biochemistry, Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria.Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.E-mail: bashirlawal12@gmail.comDepartment of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.Background: Maytenus heterophylla (M. heterophylla) is commonly used in African traditional medicine for the management of various ailments. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and safety properties of the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla in Wister rats. Methods: The Flavonoid was subjected to antibacterial study via agar well diffusion method, and antioxidant study using 2, 2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant properties (FRAP) assays. Subacute toxicity were carried out by the oral administration of the extract at a daily dose of 50 or 100mg/kg for 28 days. Results: The extract produced significant antioxidants activities with IC50 of 33.07±0.84 µg/mL & 38.08±0.89 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAPS models respectively. It produced a dose-dependent inhibition of S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and S. Typhi with MIC between 12.5µg/mL to 25µg/mL. The flavonoid was safe on acute exposure to rats (LD50> 5000 mg/kg). However, the chronic exposure significantly (p<0.05) decreased the creatinine, bilirubin concentrations and increased aspartate transaminase (AST) activities while the total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatise (ALP), urea, chloride, potassium and sodium concentrations were comparable with those in the controls. The organs-body weights ratios also compared well with the controls (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings showed that the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla was relatively non-toxic following acute or chronic exposures at 50-100 mg/kg. The flavonoid extract may potentially serve as a candidate agent for the development of an anti-microbial drug and to enhance the antioxidant capacity in rats. http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-734-en.pdfantibacterialanti-oxidantsflavonoidsmaytenus heterophyllatoxicity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sheriff Itopa Umar Bashir Lawal* Bala Alkali Mohammed Cyril Ifeanyi Obiekezie Abdulsalam Hassan Adewuyi Shukurat Bisola Babalola Stephen Damaola Ariyeloye |
spellingShingle |
Sheriff Itopa Umar Bashir Lawal* Bala Alkali Mohammed Cyril Ifeanyi Obiekezie Abdulsalam Hassan Adewuyi Shukurat Bisola Babalola Stephen Damaola Ariyeloye Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats Iranian Journal of Toxicology antibacterial anti-oxidants flavonoids maytenus heterophylla toxicity |
author_facet |
Sheriff Itopa Umar Bashir Lawal* Bala Alkali Mohammed Cyril Ifeanyi Obiekezie Abdulsalam Hassan Adewuyi Shukurat Bisola Babalola Stephen Damaola Ariyeloye |
author_sort |
Sheriff Itopa Umar |
title |
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats |
title_short |
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats |
title_full |
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats |
title_fullStr |
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids from M. heterophylla and the Safety Evaluation in Wistar Rats |
title_sort |
antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of naturally occurring flavonoids from m. heterophylla and the safety evaluation in wistar rats |
publisher |
Arak University of Medical Sciences |
series |
Iranian Journal of Toxicology |
issn |
2008-2967 2251-9459 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Background:
Maytenus heterophylla (M. heterophylla) is commonly used in African traditional medicine for the management of various ailments. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and safety properties of the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla in Wister rats.
Methods:
The Flavonoid was subjected to antibacterial study via agar well diffusion method, and antioxidant study using 2, 2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant properties (FRAP) assays. Subacute toxicity were carried out by the oral administration of the extract at a daily dose of 50 or 100mg/kg for 28 days.
Results:
The extract produced significant antioxidants activities with IC50 of 33.07±0.84 µg/mL & 38.08±0.89 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAPS models respectively. It produced a dose-dependent inhibition of S. aureus, E.coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and S. Typhi with MIC between 12.5µg/mL to 25µg/mL. The flavonoid was safe on acute exposure to rats (LD50> 5000 mg/kg). However, the chronic exposure significantly (p<0.05) decreased the creatinine, bilirubin concentrations and increased aspartate transaminase (AST) activities while the total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatise (ALP), urea, chloride, potassium and sodium concentrations were comparable with those in the controls. The organs-body weights ratios also compared well with the controls (p<0.05).
Conclusions:
The findings showed that the Flavonoid extract of M. heterophylla was relatively non-toxic following acute or chronic exposures at 50-100 mg/kg. The flavonoid extract may potentially serve as a candidate agent for the development of an anti-microbial drug and to enhance the antioxidant capacity in rats.
|
topic |
antibacterial anti-oxidants flavonoids maytenus heterophylla toxicity |
url |
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-734-en.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
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