Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso
Abstract Background Insecticides are currently the main tools used to reduce the transmission of malaria; therefore, the development of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors is of major concern for malaria control. The resistance level to pyrethroids is particularly high in the Western regio...
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doaj-6d4706e45dfb44a7b0b261cfd5ed076f2021-08-29T11:36:52ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752021-08-0120111210.1186/s12936-021-03877-xEntomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina FasoAbdoulaye Niang0Simon P. Sawadogo1Abdoul A. Millogo2Nwamaka O. Akpodiete3Roch K. Dabiré4Frederic Tripet5Abdoulaye Diabaté6Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéCentre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele UniversityInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéCentre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele UniversityInstitut de Recherche en Sciences de la SantéAbstract Background Insecticides are currently the main tools used to reduce the transmission of malaria; therefore, the development of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors is of major concern for malaria control. The resistance level to pyrethroids is particularly high in the Western region of Burkina Faso and may affect the efficacy of insecticidal bed nets and indoor residual spraying. Adult mosquito swarming and other nocturnal behaviours exhibit spatial and temporal patterns that suggest potential vulnerability to targeted space spraying with effective insecticides. Indeed, targeted space-spraying against adult mosquito swarms has been used to crash mosquito populations and disrupt malaria transmission. Methods Prior to impact assessment of swarm killing, a baseline data collection was conducted from June to November 2016 in 10 villages divided into two areas in western Burkina Faso. The data considered both ecological and demographic characteristics to monitor the key entomological parameters. Results The mean number of swarms observed was 35 per village, ranging from 25 to 70 swarms according to the village. Female density in both areas varied significantly as a function of the village and the period of collection. The human biting rate was significantly affected by the period of collection and depended upon whether the collection was carried out indoors or outdoors. Averages of parity rate were high in both areas for all periods of collection, ranging from 60 to 90%. These values ranged from 80 to 100% for inseminated females. Sporozoite rates ranged between 1.6 and 7.2% depending upon the village. The molecular identification of resting and swarming mosquitoes showed the presence of the three major malaria vectors in Burkina Faso, but in different proportions for each village. Conclusions The distribution of the potential swarm markers and swarms in villages suggested that swarms are clustered across space, making intervention easier. Power simulations showed that the direct sampling of swarms provides the highest statistical power, thereby reducing the number of villages needed for a trial.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03877-xBaseline dataMalaria vector controlPower analysesSwarm-killing interventionBurkina Faso |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Abdoulaye Niang Simon P. Sawadogo Abdoul A. Millogo Nwamaka O. Akpodiete Roch K. Dabiré Frederic Tripet Abdoulaye Diabaté |
spellingShingle |
Abdoulaye Niang Simon P. Sawadogo Abdoul A. Millogo Nwamaka O. Akpodiete Roch K. Dabiré Frederic Tripet Abdoulaye Diabaté Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso Malaria Journal Baseline data Malaria vector control Power analyses Swarm-killing intervention Burkina Faso |
author_facet |
Abdoulaye Niang Simon P. Sawadogo Abdoul A. Millogo Nwamaka O. Akpodiete Roch K. Dabiré Frederic Tripet Abdoulaye Diabaté |
author_sort |
Abdoulaye Niang |
title |
Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso |
title_short |
Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso |
title_full |
Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso |
title_fullStr |
Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso |
title_full_unstemmed |
Entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western Burkina Faso |
title_sort |
entomological baseline data collection and power analyses in preparation of a mosquito swarm-killing intervention in south-western burkina faso |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Malaria Journal |
issn |
1475-2875 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Insecticides are currently the main tools used to reduce the transmission of malaria; therefore, the development of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors is of major concern for malaria control. The resistance level to pyrethroids is particularly high in the Western region of Burkina Faso and may affect the efficacy of insecticidal bed nets and indoor residual spraying. Adult mosquito swarming and other nocturnal behaviours exhibit spatial and temporal patterns that suggest potential vulnerability to targeted space spraying with effective insecticides. Indeed, targeted space-spraying against adult mosquito swarms has been used to crash mosquito populations and disrupt malaria transmission. Methods Prior to impact assessment of swarm killing, a baseline data collection was conducted from June to November 2016 in 10 villages divided into two areas in western Burkina Faso. The data considered both ecological and demographic characteristics to monitor the key entomological parameters. Results The mean number of swarms observed was 35 per village, ranging from 25 to 70 swarms according to the village. Female density in both areas varied significantly as a function of the village and the period of collection. The human biting rate was significantly affected by the period of collection and depended upon whether the collection was carried out indoors or outdoors. Averages of parity rate were high in both areas for all periods of collection, ranging from 60 to 90%. These values ranged from 80 to 100% for inseminated females. Sporozoite rates ranged between 1.6 and 7.2% depending upon the village. The molecular identification of resting and swarming mosquitoes showed the presence of the three major malaria vectors in Burkina Faso, but in different proportions for each village. Conclusions The distribution of the potential swarm markers and swarms in villages suggested that swarms are clustered across space, making intervention easier. Power simulations showed that the direct sampling of swarms provides the highest statistical power, thereby reducing the number of villages needed for a trial. |
topic |
Baseline data Malaria vector control Power analyses Swarm-killing intervention Burkina Faso |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03877-x |
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