Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture
More than 20 years ago, the first genetically modified (GM) plants entered the seed market. The patents covering the first GM plants have begun to expire and these can now be considered as Off-Patent Events. Here we describe the challenges that will be faced by a Secondary Party by further use and d...
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doaj-6d73f439568c4d9394b303a67b6de78a2020-11-25T01:15:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852018-06-01610.3389/fbioe.2018.00071366025Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in AgriculturePatrick Rüdelsheim0Philippe Dumont1Georges Freyssinet2Ine Pertry3Ine Pertry4Marc Heijde5Marc Heijde6Perseus BVBA, Sint-Martens-Latem, BelgiumAssociation Française des Biotechnologies Végétales, Paris, FranceBio-EZ, Saint Cyr au Mont d'Or, FranceDepartment of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, BelgiumInternational Plant Biotechnology Outreach, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Gent, BelgiumInternational Plant Biotechnology Outreach, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, BelgiumMore than 20 years ago, the first genetically modified (GM) plants entered the seed market. The patents covering the first GM plants have begun to expire and these can now be considered as Off-Patent Events. Here we describe the challenges that will be faced by a Secondary Party by further use and development of these Off-Patent Events. Indeed, the conditions for Off-Patent Events are not available yet to form the basis for a new viable industry similar to the generic manufacturers of agrochemicals or pharmaceutical products, primarily because of (i) unharmonized global regulatory requirements for GM organisms, (ii) inaccessibility of regulatory submissions and data, and (iii) potential difficulties to obtain seeds and genetic material of the unique genotypes used to generate regulatory data. We propose certain adaptations by comparing what has been done in the agrochemical and pharmaceutical markets to facilitate the development of generics. Finally, we present opportunities that still exist for further development of Off-Patent Events in collaboration with Proprietary Regulatory Property Holders in emerging markets, provided (i) various countries approve these events without additional regulatory burdens (i.e., acceptance of the concept of data transportability), and (ii) local breeders agree to meet product stewardship requirements.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00071/fulloff-patent eventgenerictransgenicGMOdata transportabilityemerging markets |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Patrick Rüdelsheim Philippe Dumont Georges Freyssinet Ine Pertry Ine Pertry Marc Heijde Marc Heijde |
spellingShingle |
Patrick Rüdelsheim Philippe Dumont Georges Freyssinet Ine Pertry Ine Pertry Marc Heijde Marc Heijde Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology off-patent event generic transgenic GMO data transportability emerging markets |
author_facet |
Patrick Rüdelsheim Philippe Dumont Georges Freyssinet Ine Pertry Ine Pertry Marc Heijde Marc Heijde |
author_sort |
Patrick Rüdelsheim |
title |
Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture |
title_short |
Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture |
title_full |
Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture |
title_fullStr |
Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture |
title_full_unstemmed |
Off-Patent Transgenic Events: Challenges and Opportunities for New Actors and Markets in Agriculture |
title_sort |
off-patent transgenic events: challenges and opportunities for new actors and markets in agriculture |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
issn |
2296-4185 |
publishDate |
2018-06-01 |
description |
More than 20 years ago, the first genetically modified (GM) plants entered the seed market. The patents covering the first GM plants have begun to expire and these can now be considered as Off-Patent Events. Here we describe the challenges that will be faced by a Secondary Party by further use and development of these Off-Patent Events. Indeed, the conditions for Off-Patent Events are not available yet to form the basis for a new viable industry similar to the generic manufacturers of agrochemicals or pharmaceutical products, primarily because of (i) unharmonized global regulatory requirements for GM organisms, (ii) inaccessibility of regulatory submissions and data, and (iii) potential difficulties to obtain seeds and genetic material of the unique genotypes used to generate regulatory data. We propose certain adaptations by comparing what has been done in the agrochemical and pharmaceutical markets to facilitate the development of generics. Finally, we present opportunities that still exist for further development of Off-Patent Events in collaboration with Proprietary Regulatory Property Holders in emerging markets, provided (i) various countries approve these events without additional regulatory burdens (i.e., acceptance of the concept of data transportability), and (ii) local breeders agree to meet product stewardship requirements. |
topic |
off-patent event generic transgenic GMO data transportability emerging markets |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00071/full |
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