Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function
Filarial infections in humans are chronic infections that cause significant morbidity. The chronic nature of these infections with continuous antigen release is associated with a parasite-specific T cell hypo-responsiveness that may over time also affect the immune responses to bystander antigens....
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doaj-6d89913ff6d64d22ba32867b81556cfe2020-11-24T22:15:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242013-09-01410.3389/fimmu.2013.0030557420Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their functionSimon eMetenou0Thomas eNutman1NIHNIHFilarial infections in humans are chronic infections that cause significant morbidity. The chronic nature of these infections with continuous antigen release is associated with a parasite-specific T cell hypo-responsiveness that may over time also affect the immune responses to bystander antigens. Previous studies have shown the filarial parasite antigen-specific T cells hypo-responsiveness is mediated by regulatory cytokines -- IL-10 and TGF-β in particular. Recent studies have suggested that the modulated/regulated T cell responses associated with patent filarial infection may reflect an expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that include both Tregs induced in peripheral circulation or pTregs and the thymus-derived Tregs or tTregs. Although much is known about the phenotype of these regulatory populations, the mechanisms underlying their expansion and their mode of action in filarial and other infections remain unclear. Nevertheless there are data to suggest that while many of these regulatory cells are activated in an antigen-specific manner the ensuing effectors of this activation are relatively non-specific and may affect a broad range of immune cells. This review will focus on the subsets and function of regulatory T cells in filarial infection.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00305/fullOnchocerca volvulusCTLA-4Foxp3IL-10Tr1TGF-β |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Simon eMetenou Thomas eNutman |
spellingShingle |
Simon eMetenou Thomas eNutman Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function Frontiers in Immunology Onchocerca volvulus CTLA-4 Foxp3 IL-10 Tr1 TGF-β |
author_facet |
Simon eMetenou Thomas eNutman |
author_sort |
Simon eMetenou |
title |
Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function |
title_short |
Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function |
title_full |
Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function |
title_fullStr |
Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regulatory T cells subsets in filarial infection and their function |
title_sort |
regulatory t cells subsets in filarial infection and their function |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2013-09-01 |
description |
Filarial infections in humans are chronic infections that cause significant morbidity. The chronic nature of these infections with continuous antigen release is associated with a parasite-specific T cell hypo-responsiveness that may over time also affect the immune responses to bystander antigens. Previous studies have shown the filarial parasite antigen-specific T cells hypo-responsiveness is mediated by regulatory cytokines -- IL-10 and TGF-β in particular. Recent studies have suggested that the modulated/regulated T cell responses associated with patent filarial infection may reflect an expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that include both Tregs induced in peripheral circulation or pTregs and the thymus-derived Tregs or tTregs. Although much is known about the phenotype of these regulatory populations, the mechanisms underlying their expansion and their mode of action in filarial and other infections remain unclear. Nevertheless there are data to suggest that while many of these regulatory cells are activated in an antigen-specific manner the ensuing effectors of this activation are relatively non-specific and may affect a broad range of immune cells. This review will focus on the subsets and function of regulatory T cells in filarial infection. |
topic |
Onchocerca volvulus CTLA-4 Foxp3 IL-10 Tr1 TGF-β |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00305/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT simonemetenou regulatorytcellssubsetsinfilarialinfectionandtheirfunction AT thomasenutman regulatorytcellssubsetsinfilarialinfectionandtheirfunction |
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