Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases
Abstract Background DDT was among the initial persistent organic pollutants listed under the Stockholm Convention and continues to be used for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases in accordance with its provisions on acceptable purposes. Trends in the production and use of DDT were eva...
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doaj-6dd46efb655d40538e1c64e706233c3d2020-11-24T20:48:19ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752017-10-011611810.1186/s12936-017-2050-2Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseasesHenk van den Berg0Gamini Manuweera1Flemming Konradsen2Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen UniversitySecretariat of Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions (BRS), United Nations Environment ProgrammeDepartment of Public Health, University of CopenhagenAbstract Background DDT was among the initial persistent organic pollutants listed under the Stockholm Convention and continues to be used for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases in accordance with its provisions on acceptable purposes. Trends in the production and use of DDT were evaluated over the period 2001–2014. Results Available data on global production of DDT showed a 32% decline over the reporting period, from 5144 to 3491 metric tons of active ingredient p.a. Similarly, global use of DDT, for control of malaria and leishmaniasis, showed a 30% decline over the period 2001–2014, from 5388 metric tons p.a. to 3772 metric tons p.a. India has been by far the largest producer and user of DDT. In some countries, DDT is used in response to the development of resistance in malaria vectors against pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides. Some other countries have stopped using DDT, in compliance to the Convention, or in response to DDT resistance in malaria vectors. Progress has been made in establishing or amending national legal measures on DDT, with the majority of countries reportedly having measures in place that prohibit, or restrict, the production, import, export and use of DDT. Limitations in achieving the objectives of the Stockholm Convention with regard to DDT include major shortcomings in periodic reporting by Parties to the Stockholm Convention, and deficiencies in reporting to the DDT Register. Conclusion Global production and global use of DDT have shown a modest decline since the adoption of the Stockholm Convention.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-2050-2MalariaLeishmaniasisInsecticide resistanceVector control |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Henk van den Berg Gamini Manuweera Flemming Konradsen |
spellingShingle |
Henk van den Berg Gamini Manuweera Flemming Konradsen Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases Malaria Journal Malaria Leishmaniasis Insecticide resistance Vector control |
author_facet |
Henk van den Berg Gamini Manuweera Flemming Konradsen |
author_sort |
Henk van den Berg |
title |
Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases |
title_short |
Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases |
title_full |
Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases |
title_fullStr |
Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases |
title_full_unstemmed |
Global trends in the production and use of DDT for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases |
title_sort |
global trends in the production and use of ddt for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Malaria Journal |
issn |
1475-2875 |
publishDate |
2017-10-01 |
description |
Abstract Background DDT was among the initial persistent organic pollutants listed under the Stockholm Convention and continues to be used for control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases in accordance with its provisions on acceptable purposes. Trends in the production and use of DDT were evaluated over the period 2001–2014. Results Available data on global production of DDT showed a 32% decline over the reporting period, from 5144 to 3491 metric tons of active ingredient p.a. Similarly, global use of DDT, for control of malaria and leishmaniasis, showed a 30% decline over the period 2001–2014, from 5388 metric tons p.a. to 3772 metric tons p.a. India has been by far the largest producer and user of DDT. In some countries, DDT is used in response to the development of resistance in malaria vectors against pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides. Some other countries have stopped using DDT, in compliance to the Convention, or in response to DDT resistance in malaria vectors. Progress has been made in establishing or amending national legal measures on DDT, with the majority of countries reportedly having measures in place that prohibit, or restrict, the production, import, export and use of DDT. Limitations in achieving the objectives of the Stockholm Convention with regard to DDT include major shortcomings in periodic reporting by Parties to the Stockholm Convention, and deficiencies in reporting to the DDT Register. Conclusion Global production and global use of DDT have shown a modest decline since the adoption of the Stockholm Convention. |
topic |
Malaria Leishmaniasis Insecticide resistance Vector control |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-017-2050-2 |
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