Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) affects about 2% of the general population, for which several etiological factors were identified. Important among these is immunological dysfunction. This review aims to show how immunology can inform specific etiological factors, and how distinguishing...
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doaj-6dda594ae7284b3bbcfccd3287ebe8322020-11-25T01:29:37ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252018-08-018814910.3390/brainsci8080149brainsci8080149Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD PatientsHugues Lamothe0Jean-Marc Baleyte1Pauline Smith2Antoine Pelissolo3Luc Mallet4Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, FranceCentre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, FranceInstitut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, 75013 Paris, FranceFondation FondaMental, 94000 Créteil, FranceInstitut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, 75013 Paris, FranceObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) affects about 2% of the general population, for which several etiological factors were identified. Important among these is immunological dysfunction. This review aims to show how immunology can inform specific etiological factors, and how distinguishing between these etiologies is important from a personalized treatment perspective. We found discrepancies concerning cytokines, raising the hypothesis of specific immunological etiological factors. Antibody studies support the existence of a potential autoimmune etiological factor. Infections may also provoke OCD symptoms, and therefore, could be considered as specific etiological factors with specific immunological impairments. Finally, we underline the importance of distinguishing between different etiological factors since some specific treatments already exist in the context of immunological factors for the improvement of classic treatments.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/8/8/149psychiatryOCDobsessive–compulsive disorderTourette syndromeimmunologycytokinespediatric autoimmune neuropsychological disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS)pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS)Toxoplasma gondiiStreptococcus pyogenes |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hugues Lamothe Jean-Marc Baleyte Pauline Smith Antoine Pelissolo Luc Mallet |
spellingShingle |
Hugues Lamothe Jean-Marc Baleyte Pauline Smith Antoine Pelissolo Luc Mallet Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients Brain Sciences psychiatry OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder Tourette syndrome immunology cytokines pediatric autoimmune neuropsychological disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) Toxoplasma gondii Streptococcus pyogenes |
author_facet |
Hugues Lamothe Jean-Marc Baleyte Pauline Smith Antoine Pelissolo Luc Mallet |
author_sort |
Hugues Lamothe |
title |
Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients |
title_short |
Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients |
title_full |
Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients |
title_fullStr |
Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients |
title_full_unstemmed |
Individualized Immunological Data for Precise Classification of OCD Patients |
title_sort |
individualized immunological data for precise classification of ocd patients |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Brain Sciences |
issn |
2076-3425 |
publishDate |
2018-08-01 |
description |
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) affects about 2% of the general population, for which several etiological factors were identified. Important among these is immunological dysfunction. This review aims to show how immunology can inform specific etiological factors, and how distinguishing between these etiologies is important from a personalized treatment perspective. We found discrepancies concerning cytokines, raising the hypothesis of specific immunological etiological factors. Antibody studies support the existence of a potential autoimmune etiological factor. Infections may also provoke OCD symptoms, and therefore, could be considered as specific etiological factors with specific immunological impairments. Finally, we underline the importance of distinguishing between different etiological factors since some specific treatments already exist in the context of immunological factors for the improvement of classic treatments. |
topic |
psychiatry OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder Tourette syndrome immunology cytokines pediatric autoimmune neuropsychological disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) Toxoplasma gondii Streptococcus pyogenes |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/8/8/149 |
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