An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology
The VacA toxin secreted by Helicobacter pylori enhances the ability of the bacteria to colonize the stomach and contributes to the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma and peptic ulcer disease. The amino acid sequence and structure of VacA are unrelated to corresponding features of other known bac...
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doaj-6e2c6ba859814cdfac62f7014673d48f2020-11-24T22:16:30ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512016-06-018617310.3390/toxins8060173toxins8060173An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin BiologyNora J. Foegeding0Rhonda R. Caston1Mark S. McClain2Melanie D. Ohi3Timothy L. Cover4Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USADepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USADepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USADepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USADepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USAThe VacA toxin secreted by Helicobacter pylori enhances the ability of the bacteria to colonize the stomach and contributes to the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma and peptic ulcer disease. The amino acid sequence and structure of VacA are unrelated to corresponding features of other known bacterial toxins. VacA is classified as a pore-forming toxin, and many of its effects on host cells are attributed to formation of channels in intracellular sites. The most extensively studied VacA activity is its capacity to stimulate vacuole formation, but the toxin has many additional effects on host cells. Multiple cell types are susceptible to VacA, including gastric epithelial cells, parietal cells, T cells, and other types of immune cells. This review focuses on the wide range of VacA actions that are detectable in vitro, as well as actions of VacA in vivo that are relevant for H. pylori colonization of the stomach and development of gastric disease.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/6/173bacterial toxinsvacuolating toxinautotransportertype V secretiongastric cancer |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nora J. Foegeding Rhonda R. Caston Mark S. McClain Melanie D. Ohi Timothy L. Cover |
spellingShingle |
Nora J. Foegeding Rhonda R. Caston Mark S. McClain Melanie D. Ohi Timothy L. Cover An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology Toxins bacterial toxins vacuolating toxin autotransporter type V secretion gastric cancer |
author_facet |
Nora J. Foegeding Rhonda R. Caston Mark S. McClain Melanie D. Ohi Timothy L. Cover |
author_sort |
Nora J. Foegeding |
title |
An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology |
title_short |
An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology |
title_full |
An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology |
title_fullStr |
An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology |
title_full_unstemmed |
An Overview of Helicobacter pylori VacA Toxin Biology |
title_sort |
overview of helicobacter pylori vaca toxin biology |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Toxins |
issn |
2072-6651 |
publishDate |
2016-06-01 |
description |
The VacA toxin secreted by Helicobacter pylori enhances the ability of the bacteria to colonize the stomach and contributes to the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma and peptic ulcer disease. The amino acid sequence and structure of VacA are unrelated to corresponding features of other known bacterial toxins. VacA is classified as a pore-forming toxin, and many of its effects on host cells are attributed to formation of channels in intracellular sites. The most extensively studied VacA activity is its capacity to stimulate vacuole formation, but the toxin has many additional effects on host cells. Multiple cell types are susceptible to VacA, including gastric epithelial cells, parietal cells, T cells, and other types of immune cells. This review focuses on the wide range of VacA actions that are detectable in vitro, as well as actions of VacA in vivo that are relevant for H. pylori colonization of the stomach and development of gastric disease. |
topic |
bacterial toxins vacuolating toxin autotransporter type V secretion gastric cancer |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/6/173 |
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