Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice
Introduction: Previous studies revealed that anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) has several pharmacological effects including analgesic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activities. This study aimed to evaluate its effect on morphine physical dependence in mice. Methods: In...
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doaj-6e6bc68006f648cb93546f8bb15ede5a2021-08-02T07:33:20ZengNikan Research InstituteJournal of HerbMed Pharmacology2345-50042017-04-01626973JHP_2056_20161122212321Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in miceDara Shirzadi0Saeid Abbasi-Maleki1Ali Zanbouri2Physiology Department, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, IranPharmacology & Toxicology Department, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, IranPhysiology Department, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, IranIntroduction: Previous studies revealed that anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) has several pharmacological effects including analgesic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activities. This study aimed to evaluate its effect on morphine physical dependence in mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male NMRI mice (25-30 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8. Control group received morphine and normal saline (10 mL/kg, i.p.) and other groups received diazepam (5 mg/kg) plus one of three doses of P. anisum (50,100 or 200 mg/kg, i.p.). Dependence was induced by administration of increasing doses (50-75 mg/kg, i.p.) of morphine. A time of 30 minutes after naloxone injection was considered for the critical period of the withdrawal syndrome. The number of jumps and scores of 0 to 3 were given for incidences of wet dog shakes, teeth chattering, climbing, writing, diarrhea, grooming, and rearing during a 30-minute period. Results: All doses of P. anisum (P < 0.01) reduced the number of jumps. Additionally, all doses of the extract reduced the behaviors of grooming (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) and writhing (P < 0.05, P < 0.001and P < 0.001, respectively). None doses of the extract could reduce diarrhea (P > 0.05). Climbing, rearing and wet dog shakes reduced only by the high dose of the extract (P < 0.05). Teeth chattering reduced by 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results obviously show that P. anisum ethanolic extract is effective in suppression of morphine physical dependence and further studies are needed to find out the responsible constituents and also the exact mechanisms of actions.http://herbmedpharmacol.com/PDF/JHP_2056_20161122212321Pimpinella anisum L.AddictionMorphinePhysical dependenceMice |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dara Shirzadi Saeid Abbasi-Maleki Ali Zanbouri |
spellingShingle |
Dara Shirzadi Saeid Abbasi-Maleki Ali Zanbouri Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology Pimpinella anisum L. Addiction Morphine Physical dependence Mice |
author_facet |
Dara Shirzadi Saeid Abbasi-Maleki Ali Zanbouri |
author_sort |
Dara Shirzadi |
title |
Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice |
title_short |
Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice |
title_full |
Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice |
title_fullStr |
Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ethanolic extract of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice |
title_sort |
ethanolic extract of anise (pimpinella anisum l.) attenuates morphine physical dependence in mice |
publisher |
Nikan Research Institute |
series |
Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology |
issn |
2345-5004 |
publishDate |
2017-04-01 |
description |
Introduction: Previous studies revealed that anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) has several pharmacological effects including analgesic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activities. This study aimed to evaluate its effect on morphine physical dependence in mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 male NMRI mice (25-30 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8. Control group received morphine and normal saline (10 mL/kg, i.p.) and other groups received diazepam (5 mg/kg) plus one of three doses of P. anisum (50,100 or 200 mg/kg, i.p.). Dependence was induced by administration of increasing doses (50-75 mg/kg, i.p.) of morphine. A time of 30 minutes after naloxone injection was considered for the critical period of the withdrawal syndrome. The number of jumps and scores of 0 to 3 were given for incidences of wet dog shakes, teeth chattering, climbing, writing, diarrhea, grooming, and rearing during a 30-minute period. Results: All doses of P. anisum (P < 0.01) reduced the number of jumps. Additionally, all doses of the extract reduced the behaviors of grooming (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively) and writhing (P < 0.05, P < 0.001and P < 0.001, respectively). None doses of the extract could reduce diarrhea (P > 0.05). Climbing, rearing and wet dog shakes reduced only by the high dose of the extract (P < 0.05). Teeth chattering reduced by 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These results obviously show that P. anisum ethanolic extract is effective in suppression of morphine physical dependence and further studies are needed to find out the responsible constituents and also the exact mechanisms of actions. |
topic |
Pimpinella anisum L. Addiction Morphine Physical dependence Mice |
url |
http://herbmedpharmacol.com/PDF/JHP_2056_20161122212321 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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