Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae
Current approaches for identifying synergistic targets use cell culture models to see if the combined effect of clinically available drugs is better than predicted by their individual efficacy. New techniques are needed to systematically and rationally identify targets and pathways that may be syne...
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doaj-6e8a50a061a746a3bc5414fd47db57d12020-11-25T01:49:37ZengElsevierCell Reports2211-12472013-12-01561725173610.1016/j.celrep.2013.11.040Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiaeJoseph I. Kliegman0Dorothea Fiedler1Colm J. Ryan2Yi-Fan Xu3Xiao-yang Su4David Thomas5Max C. Caccese6Ada Cheng7Michael Shales8Joshua D. Rabinowitz9Nevan J. Krogan10Kevan M. Shokat11Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USADepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USADepartment of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USADepartment of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USADepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USADepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USADepartment of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA Current approaches for identifying synergistic targets use cell culture models to see if the combined effect of clinically available drugs is better than predicted by their individual efficacy. New techniques are needed to systematically and rationally identify targets and pathways that may be synergistic targets. Here, we created a tool to screen and identify molecular targets that may synergize with new inhibitors of target of rapamycin (TOR), a conserved protein that is a major integrator of cell proliferation signals in the nutrient-signaling pathway. Although clinical results from TOR complex 1 (TORC1)-specific inhibition using rapamycin analogs have been disappointing, trials using inhibitors that also target TORC2 have been promising. To understand this increased therapeutic efficacy and to discover secondary targets for combination therapy, we engineered Tor2 in S. cerevisiae to accept an orthogonal inhibitor. We used this tool to create a chemical epistasis miniarray profile (ChE-MAP) by measuring interactions between the chemically inhibited Tor2 kinase and a diverse library of deletion mutants. The ChE-MAP identified known TOR components and distinguished between TORC1- and TORC2-dependent functions. The results showed a TORC2-specific interaction with the pentose phosphate pathway, a previously unappreciated TORC2 function that suggests a role for the complex in balancing the high energy demand required for ribosome biogenesis. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124713007249 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Joseph I. Kliegman Dorothea Fiedler Colm J. Ryan Yi-Fan Xu Xiao-yang Su David Thomas Max C. Caccese Ada Cheng Michael Shales Joshua D. Rabinowitz Nevan J. Krogan Kevan M. Shokat |
spellingShingle |
Joseph I. Kliegman Dorothea Fiedler Colm J. Ryan Yi-Fan Xu Xiao-yang Su David Thomas Max C. Caccese Ada Cheng Michael Shales Joshua D. Rabinowitz Nevan J. Krogan Kevan M. Shokat Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae Cell Reports |
author_facet |
Joseph I. Kliegman Dorothea Fiedler Colm J. Ryan Yi-Fan Xu Xiao-yang Su David Thomas Max C. Caccese Ada Cheng Michael Shales Joshua D. Rabinowitz Nevan J. Krogan Kevan M. Shokat |
author_sort |
Joseph I. Kliegman |
title |
Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae |
title_short |
Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae |
title_full |
Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae |
title_fullStr |
Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical Genetics of Rapamycin-Insensitive TORC2 in S. cerevisiae |
title_sort |
chemical genetics of rapamycin-insensitive torc2 in s. cerevisiae |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Cell Reports |
issn |
2211-1247 |
publishDate |
2013-12-01 |
description |
Current approaches for identifying synergistic targets use cell culture models to see if the combined effect of clinically available drugs is better than predicted by their individual efficacy. New techniques are needed to systematically and rationally identify targets and pathways that may be synergistic targets. Here, we created a tool to screen and identify molecular targets that may synergize with new inhibitors of target of rapamycin (TOR), a conserved protein that is a major integrator of cell proliferation signals in the nutrient-signaling pathway. Although clinical results from TOR complex 1 (TORC1)-specific inhibition using rapamycin analogs have been disappointing, trials using inhibitors that also target TORC2 have been promising. To understand this increased therapeutic efficacy and to discover secondary targets for combination therapy, we engineered Tor2 in S. cerevisiae to accept an orthogonal inhibitor. We used this tool to create a chemical epistasis miniarray profile (ChE-MAP) by measuring interactions between the chemically inhibited Tor2 kinase and a diverse library of deletion mutants. The ChE-MAP identified known TOR components and distinguished between TORC1- and TORC2-dependent functions. The results showed a TORC2-specific interaction with the pentose phosphate pathway, a previously unappreciated TORC2 function that suggests a role for the complex in balancing the high energy demand required for ribosome biogenesis.
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url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124713007249 |
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