Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
Abstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithi...
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doaj-6ed71328bdee461aaaa0766d28845e2c2020-11-25T02:20:08ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2020-03-0119111210.1186/s12940-020-00583-0Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicatorsLarissa A. Pardo0Laura E. Beane Freeman1Catherine C. Lerro2Gabriella Andreotti3Jonathan N. Hofmann4Christine G. Parks5Dale P. Sandler6Jay H. Lubin7Aaron Blair8Stella Koutros9Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesBiostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteAbstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithioate class) and risk of clinically significant PCa subtypes. However, few studies have evaluated other pesticides. We used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a large prospective cohort of pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa, to extend our previous work and evaluate 39 additional pesticides and aggressive PCa. Methods We used Cox proportional hazards models, with age as the time scale, to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever use of individual pesticides and 883 cases of aggressive PCa (distant stage, poorly differentiated grade, Gleason score ≥ 7, or fatal prostate cancer) diagnosed between 1993 and 2015. All models adjusted for birth year, state, family history of PCa, race, and smoking status. We conducted exposure-response analyses for pesticides with reported lifetime years of use. Results There was an increased aggressive PCa risk among ever users of the organodithioate insecticide dimethoate (n = 54 exposed cases, HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.80) compared to never users. We observed an inverse association between aggressive PCa and the herbicide triclopyr (n = 35 exposed cases, HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48, 0.95), with the strongest inverse association for those reporting durations of use above the median (≥ 4 years; n = 13 exposed cases, HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.26, 0.77). Conclusion Few additional pesticides were associated with prostate cancer risk after evaluation of extended data from this large cohort of private pesticide applicators.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-020-00583-0PesticideAggressive prostate cancer (PCa)Organodithioate insecticidesPesticide applicators |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Larissa A. Pardo Laura E. Beane Freeman Catherine C. Lerro Gabriella Andreotti Jonathan N. Hofmann Christine G. Parks Dale P. Sandler Jay H. Lubin Aaron Blair Stella Koutros |
spellingShingle |
Larissa A. Pardo Laura E. Beane Freeman Catherine C. Lerro Gabriella Andreotti Jonathan N. Hofmann Christine G. Parks Dale P. Sandler Jay H. Lubin Aaron Blair Stella Koutros Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators Environmental Health Pesticide Aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) Organodithioate insecticides Pesticide applicators |
author_facet |
Larissa A. Pardo Laura E. Beane Freeman Catherine C. Lerro Gabriella Andreotti Jonathan N. Hofmann Christine G. Parks Dale P. Sandler Jay H. Lubin Aaron Blair Stella Koutros |
author_sort |
Larissa A. Pardo |
title |
Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators |
title_short |
Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators |
title_full |
Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators |
title_fullStr |
Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators |
title_sort |
pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Environmental Health |
issn |
1476-069X |
publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithioate class) and risk of clinically significant PCa subtypes. However, few studies have evaluated other pesticides. We used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a large prospective cohort of pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa, to extend our previous work and evaluate 39 additional pesticides and aggressive PCa. Methods We used Cox proportional hazards models, with age as the time scale, to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever use of individual pesticides and 883 cases of aggressive PCa (distant stage, poorly differentiated grade, Gleason score ≥ 7, or fatal prostate cancer) diagnosed between 1993 and 2015. All models adjusted for birth year, state, family history of PCa, race, and smoking status. We conducted exposure-response analyses for pesticides with reported lifetime years of use. Results There was an increased aggressive PCa risk among ever users of the organodithioate insecticide dimethoate (n = 54 exposed cases, HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.80) compared to never users. We observed an inverse association between aggressive PCa and the herbicide triclopyr (n = 35 exposed cases, HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48, 0.95), with the strongest inverse association for those reporting durations of use above the median (≥ 4 years; n = 13 exposed cases, HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.26, 0.77). Conclusion Few additional pesticides were associated with prostate cancer risk after evaluation of extended data from this large cohort of private pesticide applicators. |
topic |
Pesticide Aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) Organodithioate insecticides Pesticide applicators |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-020-00583-0 |
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