Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators

Abstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithi...

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Main Authors: Larissa A. Pardo, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Catherine C. Lerro, Gabriella Andreotti, Jonathan N. Hofmann, Christine G. Parks, Dale P. Sandler, Jay H. Lubin, Aaron Blair, Stella Koutros
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2020-03-01
Series:Environmental Health
Subjects:
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-020-00583-0
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spelling doaj-6ed71328bdee461aaaa0766d28845e2c2020-11-25T02:20:08ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2020-03-0119111210.1186/s12940-020-00583-0Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicatorsLarissa A. Pardo0Laura E. Beane Freeman1Catherine C. Lerro2Gabriella Andreotti3Jonathan N. Hofmann4Christine G. Parks5Dale P. Sandler6Jay H. Lubin7Aaron Blair8Stella Koutros9Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesBiostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteOccupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer InstituteAbstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithioate class) and risk of clinically significant PCa subtypes. However, few studies have evaluated other pesticides. We used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a large prospective cohort of pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa, to extend our previous work and evaluate 39 additional pesticides and aggressive PCa. Methods We used Cox proportional hazards models, with age as the time scale, to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever use of individual pesticides and 883 cases of aggressive PCa (distant stage, poorly differentiated grade, Gleason score ≥ 7, or fatal prostate cancer) diagnosed between 1993 and 2015. All models adjusted for birth year, state, family history of PCa, race, and smoking status. We conducted exposure-response analyses for pesticides with reported lifetime years of use. Results There was an increased aggressive PCa risk among ever users of the organodithioate insecticide dimethoate (n = 54 exposed cases, HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.80) compared to never users. We observed an inverse association between aggressive PCa and the herbicide triclopyr (n = 35 exposed cases, HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48, 0.95), with the strongest inverse association for those reporting durations of use above the median (≥ 4 years; n = 13 exposed cases, HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.26, 0.77). Conclusion Few additional pesticides were associated with prostate cancer risk after evaluation of extended data from this large cohort of private pesticide applicators.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-020-00583-0PesticideAggressive prostate cancer (PCa)Organodithioate insecticidesPesticide applicators
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Larissa A. Pardo
Laura E. Beane Freeman
Catherine C. Lerro
Gabriella Andreotti
Jonathan N. Hofmann
Christine G. Parks
Dale P. Sandler
Jay H. Lubin
Aaron Blair
Stella Koutros
spellingShingle Larissa A. Pardo
Laura E. Beane Freeman
Catherine C. Lerro
Gabriella Andreotti
Jonathan N. Hofmann
Christine G. Parks
Dale P. Sandler
Jay H. Lubin
Aaron Blair
Stella Koutros
Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
Environmental Health
Pesticide
Aggressive prostate cancer (PCa)
Organodithioate insecticides
Pesticide applicators
author_facet Larissa A. Pardo
Laura E. Beane Freeman
Catherine C. Lerro
Gabriella Andreotti
Jonathan N. Hofmann
Christine G. Parks
Dale P. Sandler
Jay H. Lubin
Aaron Blair
Stella Koutros
author_sort Larissa A. Pardo
title Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
title_short Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
title_full Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
title_fullStr Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
title_full_unstemmed Pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
title_sort pesticide exposure and risk of aggressive prostate cancer among private pesticide applicators
publisher BMC
series Environmental Health
issn 1476-069X
publishDate 2020-03-01
description Abstract Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries; however, little is known about modifiable risk factors. Some studies have implicated organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides as risk factors (particularly the organodithioate class) and risk of clinically significant PCa subtypes. However, few studies have evaluated other pesticides. We used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a large prospective cohort of pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa, to extend our previous work and evaluate 39 additional pesticides and aggressive PCa. Methods We used Cox proportional hazards models, with age as the time scale, to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever use of individual pesticides and 883 cases of aggressive PCa (distant stage, poorly differentiated grade, Gleason score ≥ 7, or fatal prostate cancer) diagnosed between 1993 and 2015. All models adjusted for birth year, state, family history of PCa, race, and smoking status. We conducted exposure-response analyses for pesticides with reported lifetime years of use. Results There was an increased aggressive PCa risk among ever users of the organodithioate insecticide dimethoate (n = 54 exposed cases, HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.80) compared to never users. We observed an inverse association between aggressive PCa and the herbicide triclopyr (n = 35 exposed cases, HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48, 0.95), with the strongest inverse association for those reporting durations of use above the median (≥ 4 years; n = 13 exposed cases, HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.26, 0.77). Conclusion Few additional pesticides were associated with prostate cancer risk after evaluation of extended data from this large cohort of private pesticide applicators.
topic Pesticide
Aggressive prostate cancer (PCa)
Organodithioate insecticides
Pesticide applicators
url http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12940-020-00583-0
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