N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation
In the past few decades, as a result of their anti-inflammatory properties, n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs), have gained greater importance in the regulation of inflammation, especially in the central nervous system (in this case known as neuroinflammation). If sustained, n...
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doaj-6f01ada5b36d45f18cdaf4863c7fdf5f2020-11-24T21:10:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122019-09-011010.3389/fphar.2019.01022461336N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of NeuroinflammationCorinne Joffre0Corinne Joffre1Charlotte Rey2Charlotte Rey3Charlotte Rey4Sophie Layé5Sophie Layé6INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, FranceUniversité de Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, FranceINRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, FranceUniversité de Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, FranceITERG, Nutrition Health and Lipid Biochemistry Department, Canéjan, FranceINRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, FranceUniversité de Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, FranceIn the past few decades, as a result of their anti-inflammatory properties, n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs), have gained greater importance in the regulation of inflammation, especially in the central nervous system (in this case known as neuroinflammation). If sustained, neuroinflammation is a common denominator of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and major depression, and of aging. Hence, limiting neuroinflammation is a real strategy for neuroinflammatory disease therapy and treatment. Recent data show that n-3 LC-PUFAs exert anti-inflammatory properties in part through the synthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) such as resolvins, maresins and protectins. These SPMs are crucially involved in the resolution of inflammation. They could be good candidates to resolve brain inflammation and to contribute to neuroprotective functions and could lead to novel therapeutics for brain inflammatory diseases. This review presents an overview 1) of brain n-3 LC-PUFAs as precursors of SPMs with an emphasis on the effect of n-3 PUFAs on neuroinflammation, 2) of the formation and action of SPMs in the brain and their biological roles, and the possible regulation of their synthesis by environmental factors such as inflammation and nutrition and, in particular, PUFA consumption.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2019.01022/fulln-3 long-chain PUFAsdocosahexaenoic acideicosapentaenoic acidspecialized pro-resolving mediatorsnutritionneuroinflammation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Corinne Joffre Corinne Joffre Charlotte Rey Charlotte Rey Charlotte Rey Sophie Layé Sophie Layé |
spellingShingle |
Corinne Joffre Corinne Joffre Charlotte Rey Charlotte Rey Charlotte Rey Sophie Layé Sophie Layé N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation Frontiers in Pharmacology n-3 long-chain PUFAs docosahexaenoic acid eicosapentaenoic acid specialized pro-resolving mediators nutrition neuroinflammation |
author_facet |
Corinne Joffre Corinne Joffre Charlotte Rey Charlotte Rey Charlotte Rey Sophie Layé Sophie Layé |
author_sort |
Corinne Joffre |
title |
N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation |
title_short |
N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation |
title_full |
N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation |
title_fullStr |
N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation |
title_full_unstemmed |
N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Resolution of Neuroinflammation |
title_sort |
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the resolution of neuroinflammation |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Pharmacology |
issn |
1663-9812 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
In the past few decades, as a result of their anti-inflammatory properties, n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs), have gained greater importance in the regulation of inflammation, especially in the central nervous system (in this case known as neuroinflammation). If sustained, neuroinflammation is a common denominator of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease and major depression, and of aging. Hence, limiting neuroinflammation is a real strategy for neuroinflammatory disease therapy and treatment. Recent data show that n-3 LC-PUFAs exert anti-inflammatory properties in part through the synthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) such as resolvins, maresins and protectins. These SPMs are crucially involved in the resolution of inflammation. They could be good candidates to resolve brain inflammation and to contribute to neuroprotective functions and could lead to novel therapeutics for brain inflammatory diseases. This review presents an overview 1) of brain n-3 LC-PUFAs as precursors of SPMs with an emphasis on the effect of n-3 PUFAs on neuroinflammation, 2) of the formation and action of SPMs in the brain and their biological roles, and the possible regulation of their synthesis by environmental factors such as inflammation and nutrition and, in particular, PUFA consumption. |
topic |
n-3 long-chain PUFAs docosahexaenoic acid eicosapentaenoic acid specialized pro-resolving mediators nutrition neuroinflammation |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2019.01022/full |
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