Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis
The central nervous system (CNS) is a highly complex network comprised of long-lived neurons and glial cells. Accordingly, numerous mechanisms have evolved to tightly regulate the initiation of inflammatory responses within the brain. Under neuroinflammatory conditions, as in the case of viral encep...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-09-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2014.00264/full |
id |
doaj-6f5cdf85d365499693f1859647ffbab4 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-6f5cdf85d365499693f1859647ffbab42020-11-24T21:04:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022014-09-01810.3389/fncel.2014.0026499375Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitisDaniela eMichlmayr0Jean K Lim1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiThe central nervous system (CNS) is a highly complex network comprised of long-lived neurons and glial cells. Accordingly, numerous mechanisms have evolved to tightly regulate the initiation of inflammatory responses within the brain. Under neuroinflammatory conditions, as in the case of viral encephalitides, the infiltration of leukocytes is often required for efficient viral clearance and recovery. The orchestration of leukocyte migration into the inflamed CNS is largely coordinated by chemokines, a large family of chemotactic cytokines, and their receptors. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding of how chemokines promote protection or pathogenesis during arbovirus induced encephalitis, focusing on neurotropic flavivirus and alphaviruses. Furthermore, we will highlight the latest developments in chemokine and chemokine receptor based drugs that could have potential as therapeutics and have been shown to play a pivotal role in shaping the outcome of disease.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2014.00264/fullChemokine receptorsantagonistsflavivirusesalphavirusesleukocyte infiltration |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Daniela eMichlmayr Jean K Lim |
spellingShingle |
Daniela eMichlmayr Jean K Lim Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Chemokine receptors antagonists flaviviruses alphaviruses leukocyte infiltration |
author_facet |
Daniela eMichlmayr Jean K Lim |
author_sort |
Daniela eMichlmayr |
title |
Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis |
title_short |
Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis |
title_full |
Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis |
title_fullStr |
Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis |
title_sort |
chemokine receptors as important regulators of pathogenesis during arboviral encephalitis |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5102 |
publishDate |
2014-09-01 |
description |
The central nervous system (CNS) is a highly complex network comprised of long-lived neurons and glial cells. Accordingly, numerous mechanisms have evolved to tightly regulate the initiation of inflammatory responses within the brain. Under neuroinflammatory conditions, as in the case of viral encephalitides, the infiltration of leukocytes is often required for efficient viral clearance and recovery. The orchestration of leukocyte migration into the inflamed CNS is largely coordinated by chemokines, a large family of chemotactic cytokines, and their receptors. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding of how chemokines promote protection or pathogenesis during arbovirus induced encephalitis, focusing on neurotropic flavivirus and alphaviruses. Furthermore, we will highlight the latest developments in chemokine and chemokine receptor based drugs that could have potential as therapeutics and have been shown to play a pivotal role in shaping the outcome of disease. |
topic |
Chemokine receptors antagonists flaviviruses alphaviruses leukocyte infiltration |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2014.00264/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT danielaemichlmayr chemokinereceptorsasimportantregulatorsofpathogenesisduringarboviralencephalitis AT jeanklim chemokinereceptorsasimportantregulatorsofpathogenesisduringarboviralencephalitis |
_version_ |
1716770877885906944 |