Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Oral candidiasis (OC) is an increasing health problem due to the introduction of new drugs, population aging, and increasing prevalence of chronic illness. This study systematically reviews the effects of the oral intake of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on <i>Candida</i> spp. co...
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doaj-6f93395f81874fc0ac27a5a7d3c4d1632020-11-25T01:27:07ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432019-10-011110244910.3390/nu11102449nu11102449Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisTiziana Mundula0Federica Ricci1Beatrice Barbetta2Michela Baccini3Amedeo Amedei4Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health. University of Padova, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Biostatistics, Rottapharm Biotech, 20900 Monza, ItalyDepartment of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyOral candidiasis (OC) is an increasing health problem due to the introduction of new drugs, population aging, and increasing prevalence of chronic illness. This study systematically reviews the effects of the oral intake of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on <i>Candida</i> spp. counts (colony-forming units (CFU)/mL) in oral and palatal samples. A literature search was conducted. Twelve studies, eight randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and four pre-post studies, resulted as eligible for the meta-analysis, which was performed through a Bayesian random-effects model. All studies analyzed probiotics, and none of them analyzed prebiotics or synbiotics. The treatments effects were measured in terms of odds ratio (OR) of OC (CFU/mL >10<sup>2</sup>, 10<sup>3</sup>, or 10<sup>4</sup>). The meta-analytic OR was 0.71 (95% credibility interval (CrI): 0.37, 1.32), indicating a beneficial effect of treatment; the <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> index was 56.3%. Focusing only on RCTs, the OR was larger and more precise at 0.53 (95% CrI: 0.27, 0.93). The effect of treatment appeared to be larger on denture wearers. Our findings indicate that the intake of probiotics can have a beneficial effect on OC and that the effects could vary according to the patients’ characteristics. Due to the presence of medium−high-risk studies, the results should be interpreted with caution.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2449<i>candida</i> spp.oral candidiasis<i>candida</i> spp. treatment<i>candida</i> spp. prevention<i>candida</i> spp. carriageprobioticsmicrobiotabayesian meta-analysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tiziana Mundula Federica Ricci Beatrice Barbetta Michela Baccini Amedeo Amedei |
spellingShingle |
Tiziana Mundula Federica Ricci Beatrice Barbetta Michela Baccini Amedeo Amedei Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Nutrients <i>candida</i> spp. oral candidiasis <i>candida</i> spp. treatment <i>candida</i> spp. prevention <i>candida</i> spp. carriage probiotics microbiota bayesian meta-analysis |
author_facet |
Tiziana Mundula Federica Ricci Beatrice Barbetta Michela Baccini Amedeo Amedei |
author_sort |
Tiziana Mundula |
title |
Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_short |
Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_full |
Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_fullStr |
Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effect of Probiotics on Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
title_sort |
effect of probiotics on oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Oral candidiasis (OC) is an increasing health problem due to the introduction of new drugs, population aging, and increasing prevalence of chronic illness. This study systematically reviews the effects of the oral intake of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on <i>Candida</i> spp. counts (colony-forming units (CFU)/mL) in oral and palatal samples. A literature search was conducted. Twelve studies, eight randomized clinical trials (RCTs), and four pre-post studies, resulted as eligible for the meta-analysis, which was performed through a Bayesian random-effects model. All studies analyzed probiotics, and none of them analyzed prebiotics or synbiotics. The treatments effects were measured in terms of odds ratio (OR) of OC (CFU/mL >10<sup>2</sup>, 10<sup>3</sup>, or 10<sup>4</sup>). The meta-analytic OR was 0.71 (95% credibility interval (CrI): 0.37, 1.32), indicating a beneficial effect of treatment; the <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> index was 56.3%. Focusing only on RCTs, the OR was larger and more precise at 0.53 (95% CrI: 0.27, 0.93). The effect of treatment appeared to be larger on denture wearers. Our findings indicate that the intake of probiotics can have a beneficial effect on OC and that the effects could vary according to the patients’ characteristics. Due to the presence of medium−high-risk studies, the results should be interpreted with caution. |
topic |
<i>candida</i> spp. oral candidiasis <i>candida</i> spp. treatment <i>candida</i> spp. prevention <i>candida</i> spp. carriage probiotics microbiota bayesian meta-analysis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/10/2449 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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