Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography
Many bacteria form spores in response to adverse environmental conditions. Several sporulation pathways have evolved independently and occur through distinctive mechanisms. Here, using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET), we examine all stages of growth and exospore formation in the model organism St...
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2020-09-01
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doaj-70263720b949487cb38561de2db4a3e92020-11-25T02:53:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2020-09-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.581135581135Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron TomographyDanielle L. SextonElitza I. TochevaMany bacteria form spores in response to adverse environmental conditions. Several sporulation pathways have evolved independently and occur through distinctive mechanisms. Here, using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET), we examine all stages of growth and exospore formation in the model organism Streptomyces albus. Our data reveal the native ultrastructure of vegetative hyphae, including the likely structures of the polarisome and cytoskeletal filaments. In addition, we observed septal junctions in vegetative septa, predicted to be involved in protein and DNA translocation between neighboring cells. During sporulation, the cell envelope undergoes dramatic remodeling, including the formation of a spore wall and two protective proteinaceous layers. Mature spores reveal the presence of a continuous spore coat and an irregular rodlet sheet. Together, these results provide an unprecedented examination of the ultrastructure in Streptomyces and further our understanding of the structural complexity of exospore formation.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.581135/fullmicrobial ultrastructurecryo-electron tomographyStreptomycesmulticellular bacteriafilamentous bacteriasporulation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Danielle L. Sexton Elitza I. Tocheva |
spellingShingle |
Danielle L. Sexton Elitza I. Tocheva Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography Frontiers in Microbiology microbial ultrastructure cryo-electron tomography Streptomyces multicellular bacteria filamentous bacteria sporulation |
author_facet |
Danielle L. Sexton Elitza I. Tocheva |
author_sort |
Danielle L. Sexton |
title |
Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography |
title_short |
Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography |
title_full |
Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography |
title_fullStr |
Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ultrastructure of Exospore Formation in Streptomyces Revealed by Cryo-Electron Tomography |
title_sort |
ultrastructure of exospore formation in streptomyces revealed by cryo-electron tomography |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2020-09-01 |
description |
Many bacteria form spores in response to adverse environmental conditions. Several sporulation pathways have evolved independently and occur through distinctive mechanisms. Here, using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET), we examine all stages of growth and exospore formation in the model organism Streptomyces albus. Our data reveal the native ultrastructure of vegetative hyphae, including the likely structures of the polarisome and cytoskeletal filaments. In addition, we observed septal junctions in vegetative septa, predicted to be involved in protein and DNA translocation between neighboring cells. During sporulation, the cell envelope undergoes dramatic remodeling, including the formation of a spore wall and two protective proteinaceous layers. Mature spores reveal the presence of a continuous spore coat and an irregular rodlet sheet. Together, these results provide an unprecedented examination of the ultrastructure in Streptomyces and further our understanding of the structural complexity of exospore formation. |
topic |
microbial ultrastructure cryo-electron tomography Streptomyces multicellular bacteria filamentous bacteria sporulation |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2020.581135/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT daniellelsexton ultrastructureofexosporeformationinstreptomycesrevealedbycryoelectrontomography AT elitzaitocheva ultrastructureofexosporeformationinstreptomycesrevealedbycryoelectrontomography |
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