Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study
Background: Gastrointestinal candidiasis is the most predominant opportunistic human mycosis, especially in diabetic patients. There is a global increase in antifungal resistance coupled with a rarity of information on antifungal susceptibility profiles in Uganda. Objective: This study aimed to det...
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doaj-704c2813fb0b4d4a8bb87e8ea00a46782020-12-11T13:50:59ZengAOSISAfrican Journal of Laboratory Medicine2225-20022225-20102020-12-0191e1e710.4102/ajlm.v9i1.997295Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional studyAnthony P. Oyom0Emmanuel Okello1Victoria Acam2Christine Aramo3Bashir Mwambi4John C. Okiria5Caesar Oyet6Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaDepartment of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health, Clarke International University (formerly International Health Sciences University), KampalaBackground: Gastrointestinal candidiasis is the most predominant opportunistic human mycosis, especially in diabetic patients. There is a global increase in antifungal resistance coupled with a rarity of information on antifungal susceptibility profiles in Uganda. Objective: This study aimed to determine the occurrence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis in diabetic patients. Methods: Stool and fasting blood specimens were obtained from randomly sampled consenting patients with diabetes mellitus at St. Francis Hospital Nsambya in Kampala, Uganda to determine Candida infection, fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels. Susceptibility testing was performed on Muller Hilton agar supplemented with 2% glucose and 0.2 µg of methylene blue, using the E-test diffusion method. Results: Among the 241 patients included in the analyses, the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal candidiasis was 15.4% (n = 37). Candida albicans (62.16%, n = 23) was the predominant species, followed by Candida glabrata (18.92%, n = 7), Candida tropicalis (8.11%, n = 3), Candida krusei (5.41%, n = 2) and Candida dublinensis (5.41%, n = 2). Resistance was observed with miconazole (48.65%), clotrimazole (18.92%) and fluconazole (8.11%). No resistance to itraconazole and nystatin was observed. Gastrointestinal candidiasis was associated with poor glucose control (p ≤ 0.001), prior use of antibiotics (p ≤ 0.001), antifungals (p ≤ 0.001) and corticosteroids (p ≤ 0.001) and was more common among female patients (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Occurrence of gastrointestinal candidiasis was relatively low among our participants, and infection was associated with poor glucose control, female sex and use of antifungals, antibiotics and corticosteroids.https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/997candidiasisdiabetesgastrointestinalantifungalsusceptibility |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anthony P. Oyom Emmanuel Okello Victoria Acam Christine Aramo Bashir Mwambi John C. Okiria Caesar Oyet |
spellingShingle |
Anthony P. Oyom Emmanuel Okello Victoria Acam Christine Aramo Bashir Mwambi John C. Okiria Caesar Oyet Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study African Journal of Laboratory Medicine candidiasis diabetes gastrointestinal antifungal susceptibility |
author_facet |
Anthony P. Oyom Emmanuel Okello Victoria Acam Christine Aramo Bashir Mwambi John C. Okiria Caesar Oyet |
author_sort |
Anthony P. Oyom |
title |
Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study |
title_short |
Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study |
title_full |
Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr |
Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional study |
title_sort |
prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis among diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study |
publisher |
AOSIS |
series |
African Journal of Laboratory Medicine |
issn |
2225-2002 2225-2010 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Background: Gastrointestinal candidiasis is the most predominant opportunistic human mycosis, especially in diabetic patients. There is a global increase in antifungal resistance coupled with a rarity of information on antifungal susceptibility profiles in Uganda.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the occurrence and antifungal susceptibility of gastrointestinal candidiasis in diabetic patients.
Methods: Stool and fasting blood specimens were obtained from randomly sampled consenting patients with diabetes mellitus at St. Francis Hospital Nsambya in Kampala, Uganda to determine Candida infection, fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels. Susceptibility testing was performed on Muller Hilton agar supplemented with 2% glucose and 0.2 µg of methylene blue, using the E-test diffusion method.
Results: Among the 241 patients included in the analyses, the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal candidiasis was 15.4% (n = 37). Candida albicans (62.16%, n = 23) was the predominant species, followed by Candida glabrata (18.92%, n = 7), Candida tropicalis (8.11%, n = 3), Candida krusei (5.41%, n = 2) and Candida dublinensis (5.41%, n = 2). Resistance was observed with miconazole (48.65%), clotrimazole (18.92%) and fluconazole (8.11%). No resistance to itraconazole and nystatin was observed. Gastrointestinal candidiasis was associated with poor glucose control (p ≤ 0.001), prior use of antibiotics (p ≤ 0.001), antifungals (p ≤ 0.001) and corticosteroids (p ≤ 0.001) and was more common among female patients (p = 0.01).
Conclusion: Occurrence of gastrointestinal candidiasis was relatively low among our participants, and infection was associated with poor glucose control, female sex and use of antifungals, antibiotics and corticosteroids. |
topic |
candidiasis diabetes gastrointestinal antifungal susceptibility |
url |
https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/997 |
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