Family History of Premature Coronary Artery Disease (P-CAD)—A Non-Modifiable Risk Factor? Dietary Patterns of Young Healthy Offspring of P-CAD Patients: A Case-Control Study (MAGNETIC Project)

• Main Authors: Tadeusz Osadnik, Natalia Pawlas, Marta Lonnie, Kamila Osadnik, Mateusz Lejawa, Lidia Wądołowska, Kamil Bujak, Martyna Fronczek, Rafał Reguła, Marcin Gawlita, Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk, Marta Góral, Marek Gierlotka, Lech Poloński, Mariusz Gąsior
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2018-10-01
• Series: Nutrients
• Subjects: dietary patterns; family history; FFQ-6; PCA; premature coronary artery disease; P-CAD
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/10/1488

Dietary habits of healthy offspring with a positive family history of premature coronary artery disease (P-CAD) have not been studied so far. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to identify dietary patterns in a sample of young healthy adults with (cases) and without (controls) family history of P-CAD, and (2) to study the association between dietary patterns and family history of P-CAD. The data came from the MAGNETIC case-control study. The participants were healthy adults aged 18–35 years old, with (n = 351) and without a family history of P-CAD (n = 338). Dietary data were collected with food frequency questionnaire FFQ-6. Dietary patterns (DP) were derived using principal component analysis (PCA). The associations between the adherence to DPs and family history of P-CAD were investigated using logistic regression. Two models were created: crude and adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, place of residence, financial situation, education, and physical activity at leisure time. Three DPs were identified: ‘prudent’, ‘westernized traditional’ and ‘dairy, breakfast cereals, and treats’. In both crude and adjusted models, subjects with family history of P-CAD showed higher adherence by 31% and 25% to ‘westernized traditional’ DP (odds ratio (OR) 1.31, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.12–1.53; p < 0.005; per 1 unit of standard deviation (SD) of DP score and adjOR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06–1.48; p = 0.007; per 1 unit of SD of DP score, respectively). Young healthy adults with family history of P-CAD present unfavorable dietary patterns and are potentially a target group for CAD primary prevention programs.