Berberine Ameliorates Brain Inflammation in Poloxamer 407-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

• Main Authors: Mia Kim, Tae-Woon Kim, Chang-Ju Kim, Mal-Soon Shin, Minha Hong, Hye-Sang Park, Sang-Seo Park
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korean Continence Society 2019-11-01
• Series: International Neurourology Journal
• Subjects: hyperlipidemia; berberine; poloxamer; apoptosis; glial fibrillary acidic protein; iba1
• Online Access: http://www.einj.org/upload/pdf/inj-1938216-108.pdf
• ISSN: 2093-4777; 2093-6931

Purpose Hyperlipidemia, which promotes the development of atherosclerosis, ischemic stroke, and other forms of brain injury, can be induced by poloxamer-407. Berberine is a primary pharmacological active component of Coptidis Rhizoma that has a number of therapeutic activities. This study investigated the effects of berberine on poloxamer-407-induced brain inflammation by evaluating its effects on short-term memory, cell proliferation, inflammation, and apoptosis in the hippocampus. Methods To induce hyperlipidemia in a rat model, 500 mg/kg of poloxamer-407 was injected intraperitoneally. Berberine was orally administered to the rats in the berberine-treated groups once a day for 4 weeks. The step-down task avoidance task was performed to measure short-term memory. An analysis of serum lipids, immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) in the dentate gyrus, and western blot analysis for Bax, Bcl-2, and cytochrome c in the hippocampus were performed. Results In hyperlipidemic rats, berberine reduced the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperlipidemic rats. Berberine also increased cell proliferation and short-term memory, as well as decreasing the expression of GFAP, Iba1, Bax, and cytochrome c and increasing Bcl-2 expression. Conclusions Berberine treatment improved short-term memory in hyperlipidemia by increasing neuronal proliferation and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. Berberine treatment also improved lipid metabolism.