A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability
The short-term scaling exponent alpha1 of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA a1), a nonlinear index of heart rate variability (HRV) based on fractal correlation properties, has been shown to steadily change with increasing exercise intensity. To date, no study has specifically examined using the be...
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doaj-71879c6807c9409084aa2b583684ba082021-01-15T14:55:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2021-01-011110.3389/fphys.2020.596567596567A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate VariabilityBruce Rogers0David Giles1Nick Draper2Olaf Hoos3Thomas Gronwald4College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United StatesLattice Training Ltd., Chesterfield, United KingdomSchool of Health Sciences, College of Education, Health and Human Development, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New ZealandCenter for Sports and Physical Education, Julius Maximilians University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GermanyDepartment of Performance, Neuroscience, Therapy and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, GermanyThe short-term scaling exponent alpha1 of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA a1), a nonlinear index of heart rate variability (HRV) based on fractal correlation properties, has been shown to steadily change with increasing exercise intensity. To date, no study has specifically examined using the behavior of this index as a method for defining a low intensity exercise zone. The aim of this report is to compare both oxygen intake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) reached at the first ventilatory threshold (VT1), a well-established delimiter of low intensity exercise, to those derived from a predefined DFA a1 transitional value. Gas exchange and HRV data were obtained from 15 participants during an incremental treadmill run. Comparison of both VO2 and HR reached at VT1 defined by gas exchange (VT1 GAS) was made to those parameters derived from analysis of DFA a1 reaching a value of 0.75 (HRVT). Based on Bland Altman analysis, linear regression, intraclass correlation (ICC) and t testing, there was strong agreement between VT1 GAS and HRVT as measured by both HR and VO2. Mean VT1 GAS was reached at 39.8 ml/kg/min with a HR of 152 bpm compared to mean HRVT which was reached at 40.1 ml/kg/min with a HR of 154 bpm. Strong linear relationships were seen between test modalities, with Pearson’s r values of 0.99 (p < 0.001) and.97 (p < 0.001) for VO2 and HR comparisons, respectively. Intraclass correlation between VT1 GAS and HRVT was 0.99 for VO2 and 0.96 for HR. In addition, comparison of VT1 GAS and HRVT showed no differences by t testing, also supporting the method validity. In conclusion, it appears that reaching a DFA a1 value of 0.75 on an incremental treadmill test is closely associated with crossing the first ventilatory threshold. As training intensity below the first ventilatory threshold is felt to have great importance for endurance sport, utilization of DFA a1 activity may provide guidance for a valid low training zone.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.596567/fulldetrended fluctuation analysisventilatory thresholdaerobic thresholdintensity distributionintensity zonesendurance exercise |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Bruce Rogers David Giles Nick Draper Olaf Hoos Thomas Gronwald |
spellingShingle |
Bruce Rogers David Giles Nick Draper Olaf Hoos Thomas Gronwald A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability Frontiers in Physiology detrended fluctuation analysis ventilatory threshold aerobic threshold intensity distribution intensity zones endurance exercise |
author_facet |
Bruce Rogers David Giles Nick Draper Olaf Hoos Thomas Gronwald |
author_sort |
Bruce Rogers |
title |
A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability |
title_short |
A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability |
title_full |
A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability |
title_fullStr |
A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
A New Detection Method Defining the Aerobic Threshold for Endurance Exercise and Training Prescription Based on Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability |
title_sort |
new detection method defining the aerobic threshold for endurance exercise and training prescription based on fractal correlation properties of heart rate variability |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
The short-term scaling exponent alpha1 of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA a1), a nonlinear index of heart rate variability (HRV) based on fractal correlation properties, has been shown to steadily change with increasing exercise intensity. To date, no study has specifically examined using the behavior of this index as a method for defining a low intensity exercise zone. The aim of this report is to compare both oxygen intake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) reached at the first ventilatory threshold (VT1), a well-established delimiter of low intensity exercise, to those derived from a predefined DFA a1 transitional value. Gas exchange and HRV data were obtained from 15 participants during an incremental treadmill run. Comparison of both VO2 and HR reached at VT1 defined by gas exchange (VT1 GAS) was made to those parameters derived from analysis of DFA a1 reaching a value of 0.75 (HRVT). Based on Bland Altman analysis, linear regression, intraclass correlation (ICC) and t testing, there was strong agreement between VT1 GAS and HRVT as measured by both HR and VO2. Mean VT1 GAS was reached at 39.8 ml/kg/min with a HR of 152 bpm compared to mean HRVT which was reached at 40.1 ml/kg/min with a HR of 154 bpm. Strong linear relationships were seen between test modalities, with Pearson’s r values of 0.99 (p < 0.001) and.97 (p < 0.001) for VO2 and HR comparisons, respectively. Intraclass correlation between VT1 GAS and HRVT was 0.99 for VO2 and 0.96 for HR. In addition, comparison of VT1 GAS and HRVT showed no differences by t testing, also supporting the method validity. In conclusion, it appears that reaching a DFA a1 value of 0.75 on an incremental treadmill test is closely associated with crossing the first ventilatory threshold. As training intensity below the first ventilatory threshold is felt to have great importance for endurance sport, utilization of DFA a1 activity may provide guidance for a valid low training zone. |
topic |
detrended fluctuation analysis ventilatory threshold aerobic threshold intensity distribution intensity zones endurance exercise |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.596567/full |
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