Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides
Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng and other plants of the genus Panax, have been used as natural medicines in the East for a long time; in addition, their popularity in the West has increased owing to their various beneficial pharmacological effects. There is therefore a wealth o...
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doaj-719c5db0b2a74d8db0f22aa982f764412020-11-25T01:09:28ZengElsevierJournal of Ginseng Research1226-84532019-07-01433354360Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosidesHyo-Joong Won0Hyun Il Kim1Taejun Park2Hyeongmin Kim3Kanghee Jo4Hyojin Jeon5Seo Jun Ha6Jung Min Hyun7Aeri Jeong8Jung Sik Kim9Ye Jin Park10Yun Ho Eo11Jaehwi Lee12College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author. College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng and other plants of the genus Panax, have been used as natural medicines in the East for a long time; in addition, their popularity in the West has increased owing to their various beneficial pharmacological effects. There is therefore a wealth of literature regarding the pharmacological effects of ginsenosides. In contrast, there are few comprehensive studies that investigate their pharmacokinetic behaviors. This is because ginseng contains the complicated mixture of herbal materials as well as thousands of constituents with complex chemical properties, and ginsenosides undergo multiple biotransformation processes after administration. This is a significant issue as pharmacokinetic studies provide crucial data regarding the efficacy and safety of compounds. Moreover, there have been many difficulties in the development of the optimal dosage regimens of ginsenosides and the evaluation of their interactions with other drugs. Therefore, this review details the pharmacokinetic properties and profiles of ginsenosides determined in various animal models administered through different routes of administration. Such information is valuable for designing specialized delivery systems and determining optimal dosing strategies for ginsenosides. Keywords: Bioavailability, Ginsenosides, Pharmacokinetic, Protopanaxadiol, Protopanaxatriolhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1226845318301325 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hyo-Joong Won Hyun Il Kim Taejun Park Hyeongmin Kim Kanghee Jo Hyojin Jeon Seo Jun Ha Jung Min Hyun Aeri Jeong Jung Sik Kim Ye Jin Park Yun Ho Eo Jaehwi Lee |
spellingShingle |
Hyo-Joong Won Hyun Il Kim Taejun Park Hyeongmin Kim Kanghee Jo Hyojin Jeon Seo Jun Ha Jung Min Hyun Aeri Jeong Jung Sik Kim Ye Jin Park Yun Ho Eo Jaehwi Lee Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides Journal of Ginseng Research |
author_facet |
Hyo-Joong Won Hyun Il Kim Taejun Park Hyeongmin Kim Kanghee Jo Hyojin Jeon Seo Jun Ha Jung Min Hyun Aeri Jeong Jung Sik Kim Ye Jin Park Yun Ho Eo Jaehwi Lee |
author_sort |
Hyo-Joong Won |
title |
Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides |
title_short |
Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides |
title_full |
Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides |
title_fullStr |
Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides |
title_full_unstemmed |
Non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides |
title_sort |
non-clinical pharmacokinetic behavior of ginsenosides |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Journal of Ginseng Research |
issn |
1226-8453 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng and other plants of the genus Panax, have been used as natural medicines in the East for a long time; in addition, their popularity in the West has increased owing to their various beneficial pharmacological effects. There is therefore a wealth of literature regarding the pharmacological effects of ginsenosides. In contrast, there are few comprehensive studies that investigate their pharmacokinetic behaviors. This is because ginseng contains the complicated mixture of herbal materials as well as thousands of constituents with complex chemical properties, and ginsenosides undergo multiple biotransformation processes after administration. This is a significant issue as pharmacokinetic studies provide crucial data regarding the efficacy and safety of compounds. Moreover, there have been many difficulties in the development of the optimal dosage regimens of ginsenosides and the evaluation of their interactions with other drugs. Therefore, this review details the pharmacokinetic properties and profiles of ginsenosides determined in various animal models administered through different routes of administration. Such information is valuable for designing specialized delivery systems and determining optimal dosing strategies for ginsenosides. Keywords: Bioavailability, Ginsenosides, Pharmacokinetic, Protopanaxadiol, Protopanaxatriol |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1226845318301325 |
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