Comparison between sustained effects of spray and injection thiamethoxam on apple aphids and non-target insects in apple orchard
Spray application is considered to be the most common method of insecticide use in apple orchard, while trunk injection has often be used in labor-intensive areas. Here, a comparison of both methods in aphid control efficiency and non-target effects was conducted. We evaluated the effects of thiamet...
Main Authors: | Hongru Kou, Yanchao Sun, Zhaoke Dong, Zhiyong Zhang |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2021-01-01
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Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651320311441 |
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