Metabolomic Profiling of Mango (<i>Mangifera indica</i> Linn) Leaf Extract and Its Intestinal Protective Effect and Antioxidant Activity in Different Biological Models

• Main Authors: Roberto O. Ybañez-Julca, Daniel Asunción-Alvarez, Ivan M. Quispe-Díaz, Javier Palacios, Jorge Bórquez, Mario J. Simirgiotis, Shagufta Perveen, Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha, Fredi Cifuentes, Adrián Paredes
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-11-01
• Series: Molecules
• Subjects: <i>Mangifera indica</i>; oxidative stress; relaxation; rat ileum; high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry; metabolome
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/21/5149

<i>Mangifera indica</i> Linn popularly known as mango is used in folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolomic composition of lyophilized extract of mango leaf (MIE), to evaluate the antioxidant activity on several oxidative stress systems (DPPH, FRAP, TBARS, and ABTS), the spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, and intestinal protective effect on oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ in rat ileum. Twenty-nine metabolites were identified and characterized based on their ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry, these include: benzophenone derivatives, xanthones, phenolic acids, fatty acids, flavonoids and procyanidins. Extract demonstrated a high antioxidant activity in in-vitro assays. MIE relaxed (<i>p</i> < 0.001) intestinal segments of rat pre-contracted with acetylcholine (ACh) (10⁻⁵ M). Pre-incubation of intestinal segments with 100 µg/mL MIE significantly reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.001) the contraction to H₂O₂. Similar effects were observed with mangiferin and quercetin (10⁻⁵ M; <i>p</i> < 0.05) but not for gallic acid. Chronic treatment of rats with MIE (50 mg/kg) for 28 days significantly reduced (<i>p</i> < 0.001) the H₂O₂-induced contractions. MIE exhibited a strong antioxidant activity, spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, which could contribute to its use as an alternative for the management of several intestinal diseases related to oxidative stress.