Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity
Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is a devastating parasitic disease. The mainstay of schistosomiasis control is by praziquantel treatment. The study aimed to determine benefits of annual chemotherapy of schistosomiasis on development of protective immunity in school children in a selected endemic...
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doaj-72d43a7abd6747ab8446f7d7fe8b810d2020-11-25T01:21:40ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342019-03-011911910.1186/s12879-019-3811-zBenefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunityTawanda J. Chisango0Bongiwe Ndlovu1Arthur Vengesai2Agness Farai Nhidza3Edson P. Sibanda4Danai Zhou5Francisca Mutapi6Takafira Mduluza7School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalBiochemistry Department, University of ZimbabweSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalScientific and Industrial Research and Development CentreMedical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of ZimbabweInstitute of Immunology & Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth LaboratoriesSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-NatalAbstract Background Schistosomiasis is a devastating parasitic disease. The mainstay of schistosomiasis control is by praziquantel treatment. The study aimed to determine benefits of annual chemotherapy of schistosomiasis on development of protective immunity in school children in a selected endemic rural area in Zimbabwe. Methods Urine specimens from 212 school children (7–13 years) were collected and examined to determine prevalence, intensity and reinfection of S.haematobium at baseline, 6 weeks and 2 years following annual rounds of praziquantel treatment. Blood samples from the participants were assayed for total and S. haematobium (Sh13)-specific antibodies before and 2 years after annual rounds of treatment. Results Annual treatment reduced the prevalence of S. haematobium infection (p < 0.05) from 23.1% at baseline to 0.47% after 2 years. Overall cure rate was 97.8%. Intensity of infection declined (p < 0.05) from 15.9 eggs/10 ml urine at baseline to 2 eggs/10 ml urine. After two years, overall rate of reinfection was 0.96%. At baseline, total IgG4 was higher in S. haematobium-infected children (p = 0.042) ,while all other immunoglobulins were within normal ranges. There was an increase in total IgG2 (p = 0.044) levels and a decrease in total IgG4 (p = 0.031) levels 2 years post-treatment; and no significant changes in other total immunoglobulins. Schistosoma-infected children at baseline showed an increase in anti-Sh13 IgG1 (p = 0.005) and a decrease in Sh13 IgG4 levels (p = 0.012) following treatment. Conclusion Annual praziquantel treatment delivered to school children over 2 years significantly reduce prevalence, intensity of infection and reinfection of S. haematobium infection. Treatment was also observed to cause a reduction in schistosome-specific blocking IgG4 and an increase in Schistosoma-specific protecting IgG1.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-3811-zPraziquantelSchistosomiasisMDATreatmentAntibodiesImmunity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tawanda J. Chisango Bongiwe Ndlovu Arthur Vengesai Agness Farai Nhidza Edson P. Sibanda Danai Zhou Francisca Mutapi Takafira Mduluza |
spellingShingle |
Tawanda J. Chisango Bongiwe Ndlovu Arthur Vengesai Agness Farai Nhidza Edson P. Sibanda Danai Zhou Francisca Mutapi Takafira Mduluza Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity BMC Infectious Diseases Praziquantel Schistosomiasis MDA Treatment Antibodies Immunity |
author_facet |
Tawanda J. Chisango Bongiwe Ndlovu Arthur Vengesai Agness Farai Nhidza Edson P. Sibanda Danai Zhou Francisca Mutapi Takafira Mduluza |
author_sort |
Tawanda J. Chisango |
title |
Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity |
title_short |
Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity |
title_full |
Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity |
title_fullStr |
Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity |
title_sort |
benefits of annual chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis on the development of protective immunity |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1471-2334 |
publishDate |
2019-03-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is a devastating parasitic disease. The mainstay of schistosomiasis control is by praziquantel treatment. The study aimed to determine benefits of annual chemotherapy of schistosomiasis on development of protective immunity in school children in a selected endemic rural area in Zimbabwe. Methods Urine specimens from 212 school children (7–13 years) were collected and examined to determine prevalence, intensity and reinfection of S.haematobium at baseline, 6 weeks and 2 years following annual rounds of praziquantel treatment. Blood samples from the participants were assayed for total and S. haematobium (Sh13)-specific antibodies before and 2 years after annual rounds of treatment. Results Annual treatment reduced the prevalence of S. haematobium infection (p < 0.05) from 23.1% at baseline to 0.47% after 2 years. Overall cure rate was 97.8%. Intensity of infection declined (p < 0.05) from 15.9 eggs/10 ml urine at baseline to 2 eggs/10 ml urine. After two years, overall rate of reinfection was 0.96%. At baseline, total IgG4 was higher in S. haematobium-infected children (p = 0.042) ,while all other immunoglobulins were within normal ranges. There was an increase in total IgG2 (p = 0.044) levels and a decrease in total IgG4 (p = 0.031) levels 2 years post-treatment; and no significant changes in other total immunoglobulins. Schistosoma-infected children at baseline showed an increase in anti-Sh13 IgG1 (p = 0.005) and a decrease in Sh13 IgG4 levels (p = 0.012) following treatment. Conclusion Annual praziquantel treatment delivered to school children over 2 years significantly reduce prevalence, intensity of infection and reinfection of S. haematobium infection. Treatment was also observed to cause a reduction in schistosome-specific blocking IgG4 and an increase in Schistosoma-specific protecting IgG1. |
topic |
Praziquantel Schistosomiasis MDA Treatment Antibodies Immunity |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-019-3811-z |
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