Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries
Previous research has found an association between being overweight and short sleep duration. We hypothesized that this association could be modified by a high carbohydrate (HC) diet and that the timing and type (starch or sugar) of intake may be an important factor in this context. Participants in...
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doaj-730c53196d864bcb8ac1111262ffeeb42020-11-25T00:01:32ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432015-12-01712102231023610.3390/nu7125529nu7125529Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European CountriesMonica Hunsberger0Kirsten Mehlig1Claudia Börnhorst2Antje Hebestreit3Luis Moreno4Toomas Veidebaum5Yiannis Kourides6Alfonso Siani7Dénes Molnar8Isabelle Sioen9Lauren Lissner10Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 453, 40530 Gothenburg, SwedenSection for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 453, 40530 Gothenburg, SwedenLeibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS GmbH, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359 Bremen, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS GmbH, Achterstrasse 30, D-28359 Bremen, GermanyGrowth, Exercise, Nutrition, and Development (GENUD) research group, University of Zaragoza, Domingo Miral, 50009 Zaragoza, SpainNational Institute for Health Development, P.O. Box 3012, 10504 Tallinn, EstoniaResearch and Education Institute of Child Health, 138 Limassol Ave, #205, 2015, Strovolos 510903, CyprusInstitute for Food Sciences, Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, National Research Council, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, ItalyDepartment of Paediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Pécs, Jozsef A.u., 7 H-1062 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Public Health, Ghent University, 4K3, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumSection for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 453, 40530 Gothenburg, SwedenPrevious research has found an association between being overweight and short sleep duration. We hypothesized that this association could be modified by a high carbohydrate (HC) diet and that the timing and type (starch or sugar) of intake may be an important factor in this context. Participants in the prospective, eight-country European study IDEFICS were recruited from September 2007 to June 2008, when they were aged two to nine years. Data on lifestyle, dietary intake and anthropometry were collected on two occasions. This study included 5944 children at baseline and 4301 at two-year follow-up. For each meal occasion (morning, midday, and evening), starch in grams and sugar in grams were divided by total energy intake (EI), and quartiles calculated. HC-starch and HC-sugar intake categories were defined as the highest quartile for each meal occasion. In a mutually adjusted linear regression model, short sleep duration as well as HC-starch in the morning were positively associated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores at baseline. HC-starch at midday was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores in children with short sleep duration, and negatively associated with BMI z-scores in those with normal sleep. After adjustment for baseline BMI z-scores, associations between total HC from starch or sugar and high BMI z-scores at two-year follow-up did not persist. Our observations offer a perspective on optimal timing for macronutrient consumption, which is known to be influenced by circadian rhythms. Reduced carbohydrate intake, especially during morning and midday meals, and following nocturnal sleep duration recommendations are two modifiable factors that may protect children from being overweight in the future.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/12/5529proportion carbohydrate intake at main mealsstarchsugarchildhood overweightnocturnal sleep durationbreakfast consumption |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Monica Hunsberger Kirsten Mehlig Claudia Börnhorst Antje Hebestreit Luis Moreno Toomas Veidebaum Yiannis Kourides Alfonso Siani Dénes Molnar Isabelle Sioen Lauren Lissner |
spellingShingle |
Monica Hunsberger Kirsten Mehlig Claudia Börnhorst Antje Hebestreit Luis Moreno Toomas Veidebaum Yiannis Kourides Alfonso Siani Dénes Molnar Isabelle Sioen Lauren Lissner Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries Nutrients proportion carbohydrate intake at main meals starch sugar childhood overweight nocturnal sleep duration breakfast consumption |
author_facet |
Monica Hunsberger Kirsten Mehlig Claudia Börnhorst Antje Hebestreit Luis Moreno Toomas Veidebaum Yiannis Kourides Alfonso Siani Dénes Molnar Isabelle Sioen Lauren Lissner |
author_sort |
Monica Hunsberger |
title |
Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries |
title_short |
Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries |
title_full |
Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries |
title_fullStr |
Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dietary Carbohydrate and Nocturnal Sleep Duration in Relation to Children’s BMI: Findings from the IDEFICS Study in Eight European Countries |
title_sort |
dietary carbohydrate and nocturnal sleep duration in relation to children’s bmi: findings from the idefics study in eight european countries |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2015-12-01 |
description |
Previous research has found an association between being overweight and short sleep duration. We hypothesized that this association could be modified by a high carbohydrate (HC) diet and that the timing and type (starch or sugar) of intake may be an important factor in this context. Participants in the prospective, eight-country European study IDEFICS were recruited from September 2007 to June 2008, when they were aged two to nine years. Data on lifestyle, dietary intake and anthropometry were collected on two occasions. This study included 5944 children at baseline and 4301 at two-year follow-up. For each meal occasion (morning, midday, and evening), starch in grams and sugar in grams were divided by total energy intake (EI), and quartiles calculated. HC-starch and HC-sugar intake categories were defined as the highest quartile for each meal occasion. In a mutually adjusted linear regression model, short sleep duration as well as HC-starch in the morning were positively associated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores at baseline. HC-starch at midday was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores in children with short sleep duration, and negatively associated with BMI z-scores in those with normal sleep. After adjustment for baseline BMI z-scores, associations between total HC from starch or sugar and high BMI z-scores at two-year follow-up did not persist. Our observations offer a perspective on optimal timing for macronutrient consumption, which is known to be influenced by circadian rhythms. Reduced carbohydrate intake, especially during morning and midday meals, and following nocturnal sleep duration recommendations are two modifiable factors that may protect children from being overweight in the future. |
topic |
proportion carbohydrate intake at main meals starch sugar childhood overweight nocturnal sleep duration breakfast consumption |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/7/12/5529 |
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