The Assessment of Sleep Apnoea as a Risk Factor in Glaucoma
Background: The risk of developing open angle glaucoma increases in the presence of associated disorders such as hypertension, Diabetes mellitus and migraine. In recent years, sleep apnoea is also being investigated as a risk factor in the development of open angle glaucoma. Aim: To ascertain t...
Main Authors: | , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2013-07-01
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Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/3147/30%20-%205383_PF1(M)_E(C)_F(T)_F1(V)_F1(T)_PF1(PUH)_PFA(H)_1.pdf |
Summary: | Background: The risk of developing open angle glaucoma
increases in the presence of associated disorders such as
hypertension, Diabetes mellitus and migraine. In recent years,
sleep apnoea is also being investigated as a risk factor in the
development of open angle glaucoma.
Aim: To ascertain the significance of sleep apnoea as a risk
factor in patients with glaucoma.
Study Setting and Design: A non – randomised, cross sectional
study was undertaken at an urban teaching hospital.
Material and Methods: A sleep disturbance questionnaire and
the Epworth sleepiness scale were used to screen the potential
cases of sleep apnoea amongst 40 glaucomatous subjects, with
both Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and Normotensive
Glaucoma (NTG), as well as 40 controls. Those which gave a
positive response to the questionnaire were subjected to polysomnography for the diagnosis of sleep apnoea, with the
calculation of the Apnoea Hypopnoea Index. The data was
analysed by using the Chi–square test and the odds ratio
calculations.
Results: Positive responses to the sleep apnoea questionnaire
were obtained from a total of twenty participants, 16 (40%)
from the glaucoma Group and four (10%) were obtained from
the control Group. In the glaucoma Group, ten (37.03%) of the
27 POAG individuals, and six (46.15%) of the 13 NTG cases
showed significant positive responses to the questionnaire.
Four subjects (10%) (1POAG, 3 NTG) from the glaucoma Group
and one (2.5%) from the control Group were diagnosed to have
sleep apnoea by polysomnography. The percentage of the sleep
apnoea positive cases was higher among the NTG subjects
(23.07%) than among the POAG subjects (3.7 %). This study
had an odds ratio of 4.333 (>1) and a p value of 0.382.
Conclusion: Although the odds ratio was significant, this study
did not find the association between sleep apnoea and glaucoma
to be statistically significant. |
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ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |