ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation
Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulties navigating dynamic everyday situations that contain multiple sensory inputs that need to either be attended to or ignored. As conventional experimental tasks lack this type of everyday complexity, we administered a fi...
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doaj-732dce8b13b84d77a9cae2bbf805f3312020-11-29T04:13:54ZengElsevierNeuroImage1095-95722020-08-01216116352ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversationJuha Salmi0Mostafa Metwaly1Jussi Tohka2Kimmo Alho3Sami Leppämäki4Pekka Tani5Anniina Koski6Tamara Vanderwal7Matti Laine8Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Rakentajanaukio 2, Espoo, Finland; Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; AMI Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; Corresponding author. Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Rakentajanaukio 2, Espoo, Finland.Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandA.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, FinlandDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; AMI Centre, Aalto Neuroimaging, Aalto University, Espoo, FinlandDepartment of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandIndividuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulties navigating dynamic everyday situations that contain multiple sensory inputs that need to either be attended to or ignored. As conventional experimental tasks lack this type of everyday complexity, we administered a film-based multi-talker condition with auditory distractors in the background. ADHD-related aberrant brain responses to this naturalistic stimulus were identified using intersubject correlations (ISCs) in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collected from 51 adults with ADHD and 29 healthy controls. A novel permutation-based approach introducing studentized statistics and subject-wise voxel-level null-distributions revealed that several areas in cerebral attention networks and sensory cortices were desynchronized in participants with ADHD (n = 20) relative to healthy controls (n = 20). Specifically, desynchronization of the posterior parietal cortex occurred when irrelevant speech or music was presented in the background, but not when irrelevant white noise was presented, or when there were no distractors. We also show regionally distinct ISC signatures for inattention and impulsivity. Finally, post-scan recall of the film contents was associated with stronger ISCs in the default-mode network for the ADHD and in the dorsal attention network for healthy controls. The present study shows that ISCs can further our understanding of how a complex environment influences brain states in ADHD.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811919309437ADHDAttentionfMRIDistractionIntersubject correlationNaturalistic condition |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Juha Salmi Mostafa Metwaly Jussi Tohka Kimmo Alho Sami Leppämäki Pekka Tani Anniina Koski Tamara Vanderwal Matti Laine |
spellingShingle |
Juha Salmi Mostafa Metwaly Jussi Tohka Kimmo Alho Sami Leppämäki Pekka Tani Anniina Koski Tamara Vanderwal Matti Laine ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation NeuroImage ADHD Attention fMRI Distraction Intersubject correlation Naturalistic condition |
author_facet |
Juha Salmi Mostafa Metwaly Jussi Tohka Kimmo Alho Sami Leppämäki Pekka Tani Anniina Koski Tamara Vanderwal Matti Laine |
author_sort |
Juha Salmi |
title |
ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation |
title_short |
ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation |
title_full |
ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation |
title_fullStr |
ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation |
title_full_unstemmed |
ADHD desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation |
title_sort |
adhd desynchronizes brain activity during watching a distracted multi-talker conversation |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
NeuroImage |
issn |
1095-9572 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulties navigating dynamic everyday situations that contain multiple sensory inputs that need to either be attended to or ignored. As conventional experimental tasks lack this type of everyday complexity, we administered a film-based multi-talker condition with auditory distractors in the background. ADHD-related aberrant brain responses to this naturalistic stimulus were identified using intersubject correlations (ISCs) in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collected from 51 adults with ADHD and 29 healthy controls. A novel permutation-based approach introducing studentized statistics and subject-wise voxel-level null-distributions revealed that several areas in cerebral attention networks and sensory cortices were desynchronized in participants with ADHD (n = 20) relative to healthy controls (n = 20). Specifically, desynchronization of the posterior parietal cortex occurred when irrelevant speech or music was presented in the background, but not when irrelevant white noise was presented, or when there were no distractors. We also show regionally distinct ISC signatures for inattention and impulsivity. Finally, post-scan recall of the film contents was associated with stronger ISCs in the default-mode network for the ADHD and in the dorsal attention network for healthy controls. The present study shows that ISCs can further our understanding of how a complex environment influences brain states in ADHD. |
topic |
ADHD Attention fMRI Distraction Intersubject correlation Naturalistic condition |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811919309437 |
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