Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan
Rapid urbanisation of Afghan cities without proper construction regulation has exposed their population to a high risk of damage from disasters such as earthquakes. With the growing construction of local non-engineered buildings and an existing level of hazard of 0.8 g, a high risk of casualties and...
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doaj-7427d8cb07904ab5ac644b14504bc6312021-07-02T08:43:11ZengAOSISJàmbá : Journal of Disaster Risk Studies2072-845X1996-14212021-06-01131e1e1310.4102/jamba.v13i1.1062354Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, AfghanistanMohsen Mohammadi0Toshio Fujimi1Department of Advanced Industrial Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, KumamotoDepartment of Advanced Industrial Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, KumamotoRapid urbanisation of Afghan cities without proper construction regulation has exposed their population to a high risk of damage from disasters such as earthquakes. With the growing construction of local non-engineered buildings and an existing level of hazard of 0.8 g, a high risk of casualties and building damage threatens Kabul in the event of a disaster. This study reports and evaluates a recent retrofitting project in Kabul City by ‘Project for City Resilience’, carried out under the supervision of the United Nation Human Settlements Program (UN-Habitat) for 48 retrofitted sun-dried clay brick masonry buildings in Kabul. The project was executed by local masons and welders who were trained as a part of the project, and the main tasks included installation of an additional steel frame, additional reinforced concrete foundation ring, ceiling replacement and wall strengthening (via mesh and plaster). After a visual assessment of retrofitted buildings considering the original retrofitting design and actual work done, a vulnerability index for retrofitted buildings was developed based on a behaviour modifier factor, which was assigned to each retrofitting activity using a combination of values and a proportion of scores for each retrofitting activity. The results indicate that training of local masons and welders to undertake retrofitting activities could decrease the damage ratio by 15% – 20% for peak ground acceleration values of 0.3 g and higher. The methods mentioned in this study can be used to make existing sun-dried clay brick masonry buildings sufficiently resistant to earthquakes of moderate-to-severe intensity.https://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1062retrofittingnon-engineered buildingstraininglocal masonskabuldamage ratiobehaviour modifier factorvulnerability index. |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mohsen Mohammadi Toshio Fujimi |
spellingShingle |
Mohsen Mohammadi Toshio Fujimi Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan Jàmbá : Journal of Disaster Risk Studies retrofitting non-engineered buildings training local masons kabul damage ratio behaviour modifier factor vulnerability index. |
author_facet |
Mohsen Mohammadi Toshio Fujimi |
author_sort |
Mohsen Mohammadi |
title |
Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan |
title_short |
Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan |
title_full |
Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan |
title_fullStr |
Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan |
title_sort |
impact of retrofitting work on vulnerability reduction of local buildings in kabul, afghanistan |
publisher |
AOSIS |
series |
Jàmbá : Journal of Disaster Risk Studies |
issn |
2072-845X 1996-1421 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Rapid urbanisation of Afghan cities without proper construction regulation has exposed their population to a high risk of damage from disasters such as earthquakes. With the growing construction of local non-engineered buildings and an existing level of hazard of 0.8 g, a high risk of casualties and building damage threatens Kabul in the event of a disaster. This study reports and evaluates a recent retrofitting project in Kabul City by ‘Project for City Resilience’, carried out under the supervision of the United Nation Human Settlements Program (UN-Habitat) for 48 retrofitted sun-dried clay brick masonry buildings in Kabul. The project was executed by local masons and welders who were trained as a part of the project, and the main tasks included installation of an additional steel frame, additional reinforced concrete foundation ring, ceiling replacement and wall strengthening (via mesh and plaster). After a visual assessment of retrofitted buildings considering the original retrofitting design and actual work done, a vulnerability index for retrofitted buildings was developed based on a behaviour modifier factor, which was assigned to each retrofitting activity using a combination of values and a proportion of scores for each retrofitting activity. The results indicate that training of local masons and welders to undertake retrofitting activities could decrease the damage ratio by 15% – 20% for peak ground acceleration values of 0.3 g and higher. The methods mentioned in this study can be used to make existing sun-dried clay brick masonry buildings sufficiently resistant to earthquakes of moderate-to-severe intensity. |
topic |
retrofitting non-engineered buildings training local masons kabul damage ratio behaviour modifier factor vulnerability index. |
url |
https://jamba.org.za/index.php/jamba/article/view/1062 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mohsenmohammadi impactofretrofittingworkonvulnerabilityreductionoflocalbuildingsinkabulafghanistan AT toshiofujimi impactofretrofittingworkonvulnerabilityreductionoflocalbuildingsinkabulafghanistan |
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