Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems
Photosynthetic and photoprotective responses to simulated sunflecks were examined in the shade-demanding crop Amorphophallus xiei intercropped with maize (intercropping condition) or grown in an adjacent open site (monoculture condition). Both intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves exhibited ve...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-05-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.663473/full |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jinyan Zhang Jinyan Zhang Jinyan Zhang Shengpu Shuang Shengpu Shuang Shengpu Shuang Ling Zhang Ling Zhang Ling Zhang Shiqing Xie Shiqing Xie Junwen Chen Junwen Chen Junwen Chen |
spellingShingle |
Jinyan Zhang Jinyan Zhang Jinyan Zhang Shengpu Shuang Shengpu Shuang Shengpu Shuang Ling Zhang Ling Zhang Ling Zhang Shiqing Xie Shiqing Xie Junwen Chen Junwen Chen Junwen Chen Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems Frontiers in Plant Science monoculture intercropping antioxidant defense photoprotection sunflecks Amorphophallus xiei |
author_facet |
Jinyan Zhang Jinyan Zhang Jinyan Zhang Shengpu Shuang Shengpu Shuang Shengpu Shuang Ling Zhang Ling Zhang Ling Zhang Shiqing Xie Shiqing Xie Junwen Chen Junwen Chen Junwen Chen |
author_sort |
Jinyan Zhang |
title |
Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems |
title_short |
Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems |
title_full |
Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems |
title_fullStr |
Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture Systems |
title_sort |
photosynthetic and photoprotective responses to steady-state and fluctuating light in the shade-demanding crop amorphophallus xiei grown in intercropping and monoculture systems |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Photosynthetic and photoprotective responses to simulated sunflecks were examined in the shade-demanding crop Amorphophallus xiei intercropped with maize (intercropping condition) or grown in an adjacent open site (monoculture condition). Both intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves exhibited very fast induction responses. The times taken to achieve 90% maximum net photosynthetic rate in intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves were 198.3 ± 27.4 s and 223.7 ± 20.5 s during the photosynthetic induction, respectively. During an 8-min simulated sunfleck, the proportion of excess excited energy dissipated through the xanthophyll cycle-dependent pathway (ΦNPQ) and dissipated through constitutive thermal dissipation and the fluorescence (Φf, d) pathway increased quickly to its maximum, and then plateaued slowly to a steady state in both intercropping and monoculture leaves. When the illumination was gradually increased within photosystem II (PSII), ΦNPQ increased quicker and to a higher level in monoculture leaves than in intercropping leaves. Relative to their monoculture counterparts, intercropping leaves exhibited a significantly lower accumulation of oxygen free radicals, a significantly higher content of chlorophyll, and a similar content of malondialdehyde. Although monoculture leaves exhibited a larger mass-based pool size of xanthophyll cycle [V (violaxanthin) + A (antheraxanthin) + Z (zeaxanthin)] than intercropping leaves, intercropping leaves had a higher ratio of (Z + A)/(V + Z + A) than monoculture leaves. intercropping leaves had markedly higher glutathione content and ascorbate-peroxidase activity than their monoculture counterparts. Similar activities of catalase, peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate were found in both systems. Only superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbate content were lower in the intercropping leaves than in their monoculture counterparts. Overall, the xanthophyll cycle-dependent energy dissipation and the enzymatic antioxidant defense system are important for protecting plants from photooxidation in an intercropping system with intense sunflecks. |
topic |
monoculture intercropping antioxidant defense photoprotection sunflecks Amorphophallus xiei |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.663473/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-75ea4cbb10a846e3afa33c7ee5684b2a2021-05-21T06:06:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-05-011210.3389/fpls.2021.663473663473Photosynthetic and Photoprotective Responses to Steady-State and Fluctuating Light in the Shade-Demanding Crop Amorphophallus xiei Grown in Intercropping and Monoculture SystemsJinyan Zhang0Jinyan Zhang1Jinyan Zhang2Shengpu Shuang3Shengpu Shuang4Shengpu Shuang5Ling Zhang6Ling Zhang7Ling Zhang8Shiqing Xie9Shiqing Xie10Junwen Chen11Junwen Chen12Junwen Chen13College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaNational and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwestern China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, ChinaPhotosynthetic and photoprotective responses to simulated sunflecks were examined in the shade-demanding crop Amorphophallus xiei intercropped with maize (intercropping condition) or grown in an adjacent open site (monoculture condition). Both intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves exhibited very fast induction responses. The times taken to achieve 90% maximum net photosynthetic rate in intercropping leaves and monoculture leaves were 198.3 ± 27.4 s and 223.7 ± 20.5 s during the photosynthetic induction, respectively. During an 8-min simulated sunfleck, the proportion of excess excited energy dissipated through the xanthophyll cycle-dependent pathway (ΦNPQ) and dissipated through constitutive thermal dissipation and the fluorescence (Φf, d) pathway increased quickly to its maximum, and then plateaued slowly to a steady state in both intercropping and monoculture leaves. When the illumination was gradually increased within photosystem II (PSII), ΦNPQ increased quicker and to a higher level in monoculture leaves than in intercropping leaves. Relative to their monoculture counterparts, intercropping leaves exhibited a significantly lower accumulation of oxygen free radicals, a significantly higher content of chlorophyll, and a similar content of malondialdehyde. Although monoculture leaves exhibited a larger mass-based pool size of xanthophyll cycle [V (violaxanthin) + A (antheraxanthin) + Z (zeaxanthin)] than intercropping leaves, intercropping leaves had a higher ratio of (Z + A)/(V + Z + A) than monoculture leaves. intercropping leaves had markedly higher glutathione content and ascorbate-peroxidase activity than their monoculture counterparts. Similar activities of catalase, peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate were found in both systems. Only superoxide dismutase activity and ascorbate content were lower in the intercropping leaves than in their monoculture counterparts. Overall, the xanthophyll cycle-dependent energy dissipation and the enzymatic antioxidant defense system are important for protecting plants from photooxidation in an intercropping system with intense sunflecks.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.663473/fullmonocultureintercroppingantioxidant defensephotoprotectionsunflecksAmorphophallus xiei |