Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a debilitating multifactorial syndrome, involving progressive deterioration and functional impairment of skeletal muscles. It affects about 80% of patients with advanced cancer and causes premature death. No causal therapy is available against CC. In the last few decades, our...
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doaj-76716abd8b744d3e98147ae84ad9b4482020-11-27T07:55:40ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-11-0192536253610.3390/cells9122536Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer CachexiaGiorgio Aquila0Andrea David Re Cecconi1Jeffrey J. Brault2Oscar Corli3Rosanna Piccirillo4Neuroscience Department, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, ItalyNeuroscience Department, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, ItalyIndiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USAItalian Institute for Planetary Health, IIPH, 20156 Milan, ItalyNeuroscience Department, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, 20156 Milan, ItalyCancer cachexia (CC) is a debilitating multifactorial syndrome, involving progressive deterioration and functional impairment of skeletal muscles. It affects about 80% of patients with advanced cancer and causes premature death. No causal therapy is available against CC. In the last few decades, our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to muscle wasting during cancer has markedly increased. Both inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) alter anabolic and catabolic signaling pathways mostly culminating with muscle depletion. Several preclinical studies have emphasized the beneficial roles of several classes of nutraceuticals and modes of physical exercise, but their efficacy in CC patients remains scant. The route of nutraceutical administration is critical to increase its bioavailability and achieve the desired anti-cachexia effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that a single therapy may not be enough, and a bimodal intervention (nutraceuticals plus exercise) may be a more effective treatment for CC. This review focuses on the current state of the field on the role of inflammation and OS in the pathogenesis of muscle atrophy during CC, and how nutraceuticals and physical activity may act synergistically to limit muscle wasting and dysfunction.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2536cancer cachexiamuscle wastingmuscle atrophylifestyle interventionsnutraceuticalexercise |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Giorgio Aquila Andrea David Re Cecconi Jeffrey J. Brault Oscar Corli Rosanna Piccirillo |
spellingShingle |
Giorgio Aquila Andrea David Re Cecconi Jeffrey J. Brault Oscar Corli Rosanna Piccirillo Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia Cells cancer cachexia muscle wasting muscle atrophy lifestyle interventions nutraceutical exercise |
author_facet |
Giorgio Aquila Andrea David Re Cecconi Jeffrey J. Brault Oscar Corli Rosanna Piccirillo |
author_sort |
Giorgio Aquila |
title |
Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia |
title_short |
Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia |
title_full |
Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia |
title_fullStr |
Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nutraceuticals and Exercise against Muscle Wasting during Cancer Cachexia |
title_sort |
nutraceuticals and exercise against muscle wasting during cancer cachexia |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cells |
issn |
2073-4409 |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a debilitating multifactorial syndrome, involving progressive deterioration and functional impairment of skeletal muscles. It affects about 80% of patients with advanced cancer and causes premature death. No causal therapy is available against CC. In the last few decades, our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to muscle wasting during cancer has markedly increased. Both inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) alter anabolic and catabolic signaling pathways mostly culminating with muscle depletion. Several preclinical studies have emphasized the beneficial roles of several classes of nutraceuticals and modes of physical exercise, but their efficacy in CC patients remains scant. The route of nutraceutical administration is critical to increase its bioavailability and achieve the desired anti-cachexia effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that a single therapy may not be enough, and a bimodal intervention (nutraceuticals plus exercise) may be a more effective treatment for CC. This review focuses on the current state of the field on the role of inflammation and OS in the pathogenesis of muscle atrophy during CC, and how nutraceuticals and physical activity may act synergistically to limit muscle wasting and dysfunction. |
topic |
cancer cachexia muscle wasting muscle atrophy lifestyle interventions nutraceutical exercise |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/12/2536 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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