Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype
Microglia represent the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and modulate local immune responses. Depending on their physiological functions, microglia can be classified into pro- (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important modulator of...
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doaj-76eef3645c4d4fe9ae74baa5e5c03a712020-11-25T01:18:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022019-10-011310.3389/fncel.2019.00430473875Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 PhenotypeBjörn Laffer0Björn Laffer1Dirk Bauer2Susanne Wasmuth3Martin Busch4Tida Viola Jalilvand5Tida Viola Jalilvand6Solon Thanos7Gerd Meyer zu Hörste8Karin Loser9Thomas Langmann10Arnd Heiligenhaus11Arnd Heiligenhaus12Maren Kasper13Department of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Experimental Ophthalmology, Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Experimental Ophthalmology, Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Dermatology – Experimental Dermatology and Immunobiology of the Skin, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyLaboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, GermanyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Ophtha-Lab at St. Franziskus-Hospital, Münster, GermanyMicroglia represent the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and modulate local immune responses. Depending on their physiological functions, microglia can be classified into pro- (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important modulator of neuronal homeostasis, with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions, and can be released by microglia. Here, we investigated how IL-10 deficiency affected the M1/2 polarization of primary microglia upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in vitro. Microglia phenotypes were analyzed via flow cytometry. Cytokine and chemokine secretion were examined by ELISA and bead-based multiplex LEGENDplexTM. Our results showed that genetic depletion of IL-10 led to elevated M1 like phenotype (CD86+ CD206−) under pro-inflammatory conditions associated with increased frequency of IL-6+, TNF-α+ cells and enhanced release of several pro-inflammatory chemokines. Absence of IL-10 led to an attenuated M2 like phenotype (CD86− CD206+) and a reduced secretion of TGF-β1 upon LPS stimulation. In conclusion, IL-10 deficiency may promote the polarization of microglia into M1-prone phenotype under pro-inflammatory conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00430/fullcytokinesphenotypeinterleukin-10microgliaM1/2 polarizationlipopolysaccharide |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Björn Laffer Björn Laffer Dirk Bauer Susanne Wasmuth Martin Busch Tida Viola Jalilvand Tida Viola Jalilvand Solon Thanos Gerd Meyer zu Hörste Karin Loser Thomas Langmann Arnd Heiligenhaus Arnd Heiligenhaus Maren Kasper |
spellingShingle |
Björn Laffer Björn Laffer Dirk Bauer Susanne Wasmuth Martin Busch Tida Viola Jalilvand Tida Viola Jalilvand Solon Thanos Gerd Meyer zu Hörste Karin Loser Thomas Langmann Arnd Heiligenhaus Arnd Heiligenhaus Maren Kasper Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience cytokines phenotype interleukin-10 microglia M1/2 polarization lipopolysaccharide |
author_facet |
Björn Laffer Björn Laffer Dirk Bauer Susanne Wasmuth Martin Busch Tida Viola Jalilvand Tida Viola Jalilvand Solon Thanos Gerd Meyer zu Hörste Karin Loser Thomas Langmann Arnd Heiligenhaus Arnd Heiligenhaus Maren Kasper |
author_sort |
Björn Laffer |
title |
Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype |
title_short |
Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype |
title_full |
Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype |
title_fullStr |
Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype |
title_full_unstemmed |
Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype |
title_sort |
loss of il-10 promotes differentiation of microglia to a m1 phenotype |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5102 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Microglia represent the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and modulate local immune responses. Depending on their physiological functions, microglia can be classified into pro- (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important modulator of neuronal homeostasis, with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions, and can be released by microglia. Here, we investigated how IL-10 deficiency affected the M1/2 polarization of primary microglia upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in vitro. Microglia phenotypes were analyzed via flow cytometry. Cytokine and chemokine secretion were examined by ELISA and bead-based multiplex LEGENDplexTM. Our results showed that genetic depletion of IL-10 led to elevated M1 like phenotype (CD86+ CD206−) under pro-inflammatory conditions associated with increased frequency of IL-6+, TNF-α+ cells and enhanced release of several pro-inflammatory chemokines. Absence of IL-10 led to an attenuated M2 like phenotype (CD86− CD206+) and a reduced secretion of TGF-β1 upon LPS stimulation. In conclusion, IL-10 deficiency may promote the polarization of microglia into M1-prone phenotype under pro-inflammatory conditions. |
topic |
cytokines phenotype interleukin-10 microglia M1/2 polarization lipopolysaccharide |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncel.2019.00430/full |
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