Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
Universal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among Thai newborns was initiated in 1992. The first dose of the monovalent HB vaccine was given at birth, then at months 2 and 6 simultaneously with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw) vaccine. In 2008, Thailand replaced the monovalent HB vaccin...
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doaj-7709274c391a47c6985a44c128070a1e2020-11-24T21:37:03ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01138e020263710.1371/journal.pone.0202637Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.Nawarat PosuwanArnond VorayingyongVorapol JaroonvanichkulRujipat WasitthankasemNasamon WanlapakornSompong VongpunsawadYong PoovorawanUniversal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among Thai newborns was initiated in 1992. The first dose of the monovalent HB vaccine was given at birth, then at months 2 and 6 simultaneously with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw) vaccine. In 2008, Thailand replaced the monovalent HB vaccine at months 2 and 6 with a combined DTP-HB given at months 2, 4, and 6, with an added monovalent HB vaccine at month 1 for infants whose mothers were HBV carriers. Despite this rigorous HB vaccination schedule, vaccinated infants who are now adolescents do not possess a protective level of anti-HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) (≥10 mIU/ml). Thus, many young adults may be rendered susceptible to HB infection. Our objective was to determine how HB booster vaccination may benefit high-risk adolescents. We evaluated the serological records of a cohort of medical students (n = 291), which showed that 271 students (93.1%) possessed anti-HBs less than the accepted protective level (<10 mIU/ml) and subsequently received the HB vaccine booster prior to medical school enrollment. We then examined the anti-HB surface antibody (anti-HBs) in 216 individuals six weeks after they were immunized. We found that 61%, 88%, and 94% of individuals with pre-booster anti-HBs of <1 mIU/ml, 1-<3 mIU/ml, and 3-<10 mIU/ml achieved protective anti-HBs, respectively. Post-booster geometric mean titers were 305, 513, and 1,929 mIU/ml in these groups and correlated with pre-booster anti-HBs titers. These data suggest that medical students with known anti-HBs <1 mIU/ml will benefit from 3 doses of HB vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months. Students with anti-HBs 1-<10 mIU/ml would benefit from an HB vaccine booster without further anti-HBs evaluation.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6101408?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nawarat Posuwan Arnond Vorayingyong Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul Rujipat Wasitthankasem Nasamon Wanlapakorn Sompong Vongpunsawad Yong Poovorawan |
spellingShingle |
Nawarat Posuwan Arnond Vorayingyong Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul Rujipat Wasitthankasem Nasamon Wanlapakorn Sompong Vongpunsawad Yong Poovorawan Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Nawarat Posuwan Arnond Vorayingyong Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul Rujipat Wasitthankasem Nasamon Wanlapakorn Sompong Vongpunsawad Yong Poovorawan |
author_sort |
Nawarat Posuwan |
title |
Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. |
title_short |
Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. |
title_full |
Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. |
title_fullStr |
Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. |
title_sort |
implementation of hepatitis b vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
Universal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among Thai newborns was initiated in 1992. The first dose of the monovalent HB vaccine was given at birth, then at months 2 and 6 simultaneously with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw) vaccine. In 2008, Thailand replaced the monovalent HB vaccine at months 2 and 6 with a combined DTP-HB given at months 2, 4, and 6, with an added monovalent HB vaccine at month 1 for infants whose mothers were HBV carriers. Despite this rigorous HB vaccination schedule, vaccinated infants who are now adolescents do not possess a protective level of anti-HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) (≥10 mIU/ml). Thus, many young adults may be rendered susceptible to HB infection. Our objective was to determine how HB booster vaccination may benefit high-risk adolescents. We evaluated the serological records of a cohort of medical students (n = 291), which showed that 271 students (93.1%) possessed anti-HBs less than the accepted protective level (<10 mIU/ml) and subsequently received the HB vaccine booster prior to medical school enrollment. We then examined the anti-HB surface antibody (anti-HBs) in 216 individuals six weeks after they were immunized. We found that 61%, 88%, and 94% of individuals with pre-booster anti-HBs of <1 mIU/ml, 1-<3 mIU/ml, and 3-<10 mIU/ml achieved protective anti-HBs, respectively. Post-booster geometric mean titers were 305, 513, and 1,929 mIU/ml in these groups and correlated with pre-booster anti-HBs titers. These data suggest that medical students with known anti-HBs <1 mIU/ml will benefit from 3 doses of HB vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months. Students with anti-HBs 1-<10 mIU/ml would benefit from an HB vaccine booster without further anti-HBs evaluation. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6101408?pdf=render |
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