Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.

Universal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among Thai newborns was initiated in 1992. The first dose of the monovalent HB vaccine was given at birth, then at months 2 and 6 simultaneously with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw) vaccine. In 2008, Thailand replaced the monovalent HB vaccin...

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Main Authors: Nawarat Posuwan, Arnond Vorayingyong, Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul, Rujipat Wasitthankasem, Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Sompong Vongpunsawad, Yong Poovorawan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2018-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6101408?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-7709274c391a47c6985a44c128070a1e2020-11-24T21:37:03ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-01138e020263710.1371/journal.pone.0202637Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.Nawarat PosuwanArnond VorayingyongVorapol JaroonvanichkulRujipat WasitthankasemNasamon WanlapakornSompong VongpunsawadYong PoovorawanUniversal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among Thai newborns was initiated in 1992. The first dose of the monovalent HB vaccine was given at birth, then at months 2 and 6 simultaneously with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw) vaccine. In 2008, Thailand replaced the monovalent HB vaccine at months 2 and 6 with a combined DTP-HB given at months 2, 4, and 6, with an added monovalent HB vaccine at month 1 for infants whose mothers were HBV carriers. Despite this rigorous HB vaccination schedule, vaccinated infants who are now adolescents do not possess a protective level of anti-HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) (≥10 mIU/ml). Thus, many young adults may be rendered susceptible to HB infection. Our objective was to determine how HB booster vaccination may benefit high-risk adolescents. We evaluated the serological records of a cohort of medical students (n = 291), which showed that 271 students (93.1%) possessed anti-HBs less than the accepted protective level (<10 mIU/ml) and subsequently received the HB vaccine booster prior to medical school enrollment. We then examined the anti-HB surface antibody (anti-HBs) in 216 individuals six weeks after they were immunized. We found that 61%, 88%, and 94% of individuals with pre-booster anti-HBs of <1 mIU/ml, 1-<3 mIU/ml, and 3-<10 mIU/ml achieved protective anti-HBs, respectively. Post-booster geometric mean titers were 305, 513, and 1,929 mIU/ml in these groups and correlated with pre-booster anti-HBs titers. These data suggest that medical students with known anti-HBs <1 mIU/ml will benefit from 3 doses of HB vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months. Students with anti-HBs 1-<10 mIU/ml would benefit from an HB vaccine booster without further anti-HBs evaluation.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6101408?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Nawarat Posuwan
Arnond Vorayingyong
Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul
Rujipat Wasitthankasem
Nasamon Wanlapakorn
Sompong Vongpunsawad
Yong Poovorawan
spellingShingle Nawarat Posuwan
Arnond Vorayingyong
Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul
Rujipat Wasitthankasem
Nasamon Wanlapakorn
Sompong Vongpunsawad
Yong Poovorawan
Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Nawarat Posuwan
Arnond Vorayingyong
Vorapol Jaroonvanichkul
Rujipat Wasitthankasem
Nasamon Wanlapakorn
Sompong Vongpunsawad
Yong Poovorawan
author_sort Nawarat Posuwan
title Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
title_short Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
title_full Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
title_fullStr Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
title_full_unstemmed Implementation of hepatitis B vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
title_sort implementation of hepatitis b vaccine in high-risk young adults with waning immunity.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2018-01-01
description Universal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among Thai newborns was initiated in 1992. The first dose of the monovalent HB vaccine was given at birth, then at months 2 and 6 simultaneously with the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis whole-cell (DTPw) vaccine. In 2008, Thailand replaced the monovalent HB vaccine at months 2 and 6 with a combined DTP-HB given at months 2, 4, and 6, with an added monovalent HB vaccine at month 1 for infants whose mothers were HBV carriers. Despite this rigorous HB vaccination schedule, vaccinated infants who are now adolescents do not possess a protective level of anti-HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) (≥10 mIU/ml). Thus, many young adults may be rendered susceptible to HB infection. Our objective was to determine how HB booster vaccination may benefit high-risk adolescents. We evaluated the serological records of a cohort of medical students (n = 291), which showed that 271 students (93.1%) possessed anti-HBs less than the accepted protective level (<10 mIU/ml) and subsequently received the HB vaccine booster prior to medical school enrollment. We then examined the anti-HB surface antibody (anti-HBs) in 216 individuals six weeks after they were immunized. We found that 61%, 88%, and 94% of individuals with pre-booster anti-HBs of <1 mIU/ml, 1-<3 mIU/ml, and 3-<10 mIU/ml achieved protective anti-HBs, respectively. Post-booster geometric mean titers were 305, 513, and 1,929 mIU/ml in these groups and correlated with pre-booster anti-HBs titers. These data suggest that medical students with known anti-HBs <1 mIU/ml will benefit from 3 doses of HB vaccine at 0, 1, and 6 months. Students with anti-HBs 1-<10 mIU/ml would benefit from an HB vaccine booster without further anti-HBs evaluation.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6101408?pdf=render
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