Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia
Antipsychotic treatment resistance in schizophrenia remains a major issue in psychiatry. Nearly 30% of patients with schizophrenia do not respond to antipsychotic treatment, yet the underlying neurobiological causes are unknown. All effective antipsychotic medications are thought to achieve their ef...
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doaj-777ababdcbea42138bd7c779e789c26b2020-11-25T01:11:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402019-05-011010.3389/fpsyt.2019.00314451452Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant SchizophreniaDavide Amato0Anna Kruyer1Anne-Noël Samaha2Andreas Heinz3Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDepartment of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDepartment of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, GermanyAntipsychotic treatment resistance in schizophrenia remains a major issue in psychiatry. Nearly 30% of patients with schizophrenia do not respond to antipsychotic treatment, yet the underlying neurobiological causes are unknown. All effective antipsychotic medications are thought to achieve their efficacy by targeting the dopaminergic system. Here we review early literature describing the fundamental mechanisms of antipsychotic drug efficacy, highlighting mechanistic concepts that have persisted over time. We then reconsider the original framework for understanding antipsychotic efficacy in light of recent advances in our scientific understanding of the dopaminergic effects of antipsychotics. Based on these new insights, we describe a role for the dopamine transporter in the genesis of both antipsychotic therapeutic response and primary resistance. We believe that this discussion will help delineate the dopaminergic nature of antipsychotic treatment-resistant schizophrenia.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00314/fullschizophreniadrug addictionantipsychotic efficacyantipsychotic-resistant schizophreniadopamine transporterdopamine synthesis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Davide Amato Anna Kruyer Anne-Noël Samaha Andreas Heinz |
spellingShingle |
Davide Amato Anna Kruyer Anne-Noël Samaha Andreas Heinz Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Frontiers in Psychiatry schizophrenia drug addiction antipsychotic efficacy antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia dopamine transporter dopamine synthesis |
author_facet |
Davide Amato Anna Kruyer Anne-Noël Samaha Andreas Heinz |
author_sort |
Davide Amato |
title |
Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia |
title_short |
Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia |
title_full |
Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia |
title_fullStr |
Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hypofunctional Dopamine Uptake and Antipsychotic Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia |
title_sort |
hypofunctional dopamine uptake and antipsychotic treatment-resistant schizophrenia |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Psychiatry |
issn |
1664-0640 |
publishDate |
2019-05-01 |
description |
Antipsychotic treatment resistance in schizophrenia remains a major issue in psychiatry. Nearly 30% of patients with schizophrenia do not respond to antipsychotic treatment, yet the underlying neurobiological causes are unknown. All effective antipsychotic medications are thought to achieve their efficacy by targeting the dopaminergic system. Here we review early literature describing the fundamental mechanisms of antipsychotic drug efficacy, highlighting mechanistic concepts that have persisted over time. We then reconsider the original framework for understanding antipsychotic efficacy in light of recent advances in our scientific understanding of the dopaminergic effects of antipsychotics. Based on these new insights, we describe a role for the dopamine transporter in the genesis of both antipsychotic therapeutic response and primary resistance. We believe that this discussion will help delineate the dopaminergic nature of antipsychotic treatment-resistant schizophrenia. |
topic |
schizophrenia drug addiction antipsychotic efficacy antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia dopamine transporter dopamine synthesis |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00314/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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