Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics
The pattern of a modern volleyball is greatly different from that of a conventional volleyball, with several changes being made to the shape and design of the surface on the ball. Furthermore, at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, a new volleyball (V200W; Mikasa) with 18 panels will be shown as the official b...
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doaj-77f7c350a30a4c76a4933202d9e005a32020-11-25T02:58:12ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-05-01103256325610.3390/app10093256Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo OlympicsSungchan Hong0Hiroki Ozaki1Keita Watanabe2Takeshi Asai3Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8574, JapanJapan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, 115-0056, JapanFaculty of Culture and Sport Policy, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, 225-8503, JapanFaculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8574, JapanThe pattern of a modern volleyball is greatly different from that of a conventional volleyball, with several changes being made to the shape and design of the surface on the ball. Furthermore, at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, a new volleyball (V200W; Mikasa) with 18 panels will be shown as the official ball. Therefore, this study compared the basic aerodynamic characteristics of conventional volleyballs with those of new designs in a wind tunnel. We used three full-size FIVB (Fédération Internationale de Volley-Ball) official volleyballs (V5M5000; Molten, MVA200; Mikasa and V200W; Mikasa) to determine the aerodynamic forces acting on each ball. The results indicate that the critical Reynolds number (<i>Re</i><sub>cr</sub>) differed depending on the ball types and their orientations. The <i>Re</i><sub>cr</sub> for the Molten ball (conventional) was determined to be ~3.4 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.17) on panel orientation A and ∼2.7 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.14) on panel orientation B. Moreover, the <i>Re</i><sub>cr</sub> for the conventional Mikasa ball was determined to be ~2.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.14) on panel orientation A and ∼3.0 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.13) on panel orientation B. On the other hand, the critical Reynolds number for the new volleyball (V200W) was ∼2.9 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.17) in the panel orientation A and ∼2.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.15) in panel orientation B. From these results, it can be hypothesized that, during a float serve, the flight trajectory will change depending on the type of volleyball and their orientation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/9/3256aerodynamicsTokyo Olympicsvolleyball |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sungchan Hong Hiroki Ozaki Keita Watanabe Takeshi Asai |
spellingShingle |
Sungchan Hong Hiroki Ozaki Keita Watanabe Takeshi Asai Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics Applied Sciences aerodynamics Tokyo Olympics volleyball |
author_facet |
Sungchan Hong Hiroki Ozaki Keita Watanabe Takeshi Asai |
author_sort |
Sungchan Hong |
title |
Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics |
title_short |
Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics |
title_full |
Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics |
title_fullStr |
Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aerodynamic Characteristics of New Volleyball for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics |
title_sort |
aerodynamic characteristics of new volleyball for the 2020 tokyo olympics |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
The pattern of a modern volleyball is greatly different from that of a conventional volleyball, with several changes being made to the shape and design of the surface on the ball. Furthermore, at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, a new volleyball (V200W; Mikasa) with 18 panels will be shown as the official ball. Therefore, this study compared the basic aerodynamic characteristics of conventional volleyballs with those of new designs in a wind tunnel. We used three full-size FIVB (Fédération Internationale de Volley-Ball) official volleyballs (V5M5000; Molten, MVA200; Mikasa and V200W; Mikasa) to determine the aerodynamic forces acting on each ball. The results indicate that the critical Reynolds number (<i>Re</i><sub>cr</sub>) differed depending on the ball types and their orientations. The <i>Re</i><sub>cr</sub> for the Molten ball (conventional) was determined to be ~3.4 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.17) on panel orientation A and ∼2.7 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.14) on panel orientation B. Moreover, the <i>Re</i><sub>cr</sub> for the conventional Mikasa ball was determined to be ~2.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.14) on panel orientation A and ∼3.0 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.13) on panel orientation B. On the other hand, the critical Reynolds number for the new volleyball (V200W) was ∼2.9 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.17) in the panel orientation A and ∼2.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> (<i>Cd</i> = 0.15) in panel orientation B. From these results, it can be hypothesized that, during a float serve, the flight trajectory will change depending on the type of volleyball and their orientation. |
topic |
aerodynamics Tokyo Olympics volleyball |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/9/3256 |
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