The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis
Fibrosis is the formation of fibrous connective tissue in response to injury. It is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix components, particularly collagen, at the site of injury. Fibrosis is an adaptive response that is a vital component of wound healing and tissue repair. Howev...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2017.00777/full |
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doaj-79794bcdc8374fababf7f4707252004d |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lucy A. Murtha Lucy A. Murtha Michael J. Schuliga Michael J. Schuliga Nishani S. Mabotuwana Nishani S. Mabotuwana Sean A. Hardy Sean A. Hardy David W. Waters David W. Waters Janette K. Burgess Janette K. Burgess Janette K. Burgess Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Andrew J. Boyle Andrew J. Boyle |
spellingShingle |
Lucy A. Murtha Lucy A. Murtha Michael J. Schuliga Michael J. Schuliga Nishani S. Mabotuwana Nishani S. Mabotuwana Sean A. Hardy Sean A. Hardy David W. Waters David W. Waters Janette K. Burgess Janette K. Burgess Janette K. Burgess Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Andrew J. Boyle Andrew J. Boyle The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis Frontiers in Physiology cardiac fibrosis pulmonary fibrosis heart failure myocardial infarction idiopathic pulmonary hypertension acute respiratory distress syndrome |
author_facet |
Lucy A. Murtha Lucy A. Murtha Michael J. Schuliga Michael J. Schuliga Nishani S. Mabotuwana Nishani S. Mabotuwana Sean A. Hardy Sean A. Hardy David W. Waters David W. Waters Janette K. Burgess Janette K. Burgess Janette K. Burgess Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Darryl A. Knight Andrew J. Boyle Andrew J. Boyle |
author_sort |
Lucy A. Murtha |
title |
The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_short |
The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_full |
The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_fullStr |
The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary Fibrosis |
title_sort |
processes and mechanisms of cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2017-10-01 |
description |
Fibrosis is the formation of fibrous connective tissue in response to injury. It is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix components, particularly collagen, at the site of injury. Fibrosis is an adaptive response that is a vital component of wound healing and tissue repair. However, its continued activation is highly detrimental and a common final pathway of numerous disease states including cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Worldwide, fibrotic diseases cause over 800,000 deaths per year, accounting for ~45% of total deaths. With an aging population, the incidence of fibrotic disease and subsequently the number of fibrosis-related deaths will rise further. Although, fibrosis is a well-recognized cause of morbidity and mortality in a range of disease states, there are currently no viable therapies to reverse the effects of chronic fibrosis. Numerous predisposing factors contribute to the development of fibrosis. Biological aging in particular, interferes with repair of damaged tissue, accelerating the transition to pathological remodeling, rather than a process of resolution and regeneration. When fibrosis progresses in an uncontrolled manner, it results in the irreversible stiffening of the affected tissue, which can lead to organ malfunction and death. Further investigation into the mechanisms of fibrosis is necessary to elucidate novel, much needed, therapeutic targets. Fibrosis of the heart and lung make up a significant proportion of fibrosis-related deaths. It has long been established that the heart and lung are functionally and geographically linked when it comes to health and disease, and thus exploring the processes and mechanisms that contribute to fibrosis of each organ, the focus of this review, may help to highlight potential avenues of therapeutic investigation. |
topic |
cardiac fibrosis pulmonary fibrosis heart failure myocardial infarction idiopathic pulmonary hypertension acute respiratory distress syndrome |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2017.00777/full |
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doaj-79794bcdc8374fababf7f4707252004d2020-11-24T22:38:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2017-10-01810.3389/fphys.2017.00777296279The Processes and Mechanisms of Cardiac and Pulmonary FibrosisLucy A. Murtha0Lucy A. Murtha1Michael J. Schuliga2Michael J. Schuliga3Nishani S. Mabotuwana4Nishani S. Mabotuwana5Sean A. Hardy6Sean A. Hardy7David W. Waters8David W. Waters9Janette K. Burgess10Janette K. Burgess11Janette K. Burgess12Darryl A. Knight13Darryl A. Knight14Darryl A. Knight15Darryl A. Knight16Darryl A. Knight17Andrew J. Boyle18Andrew J. Boyle19School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, W. J. Kolff Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, NetherlandsRespiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW, AustraliaDiscipline of Pharmacology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BS, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AustraliaResearch and Innovation Conjoint, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, NSW, AustraliaSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, AustraliaHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, AustraliaFibrosis is the formation of fibrous connective tissue in response to injury. It is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix components, particularly collagen, at the site of injury. Fibrosis is an adaptive response that is a vital component of wound healing and tissue repair. However, its continued activation is highly detrimental and a common final pathway of numerous disease states including cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Worldwide, fibrotic diseases cause over 800,000 deaths per year, accounting for ~45% of total deaths. With an aging population, the incidence of fibrotic disease and subsequently the number of fibrosis-related deaths will rise further. Although, fibrosis is a well-recognized cause of morbidity and mortality in a range of disease states, there are currently no viable therapies to reverse the effects of chronic fibrosis. Numerous predisposing factors contribute to the development of fibrosis. Biological aging in particular, interferes with repair of damaged tissue, accelerating the transition to pathological remodeling, rather than a process of resolution and regeneration. When fibrosis progresses in an uncontrolled manner, it results in the irreversible stiffening of the affected tissue, which can lead to organ malfunction and death. Further investigation into the mechanisms of fibrosis is necessary to elucidate novel, much needed, therapeutic targets. Fibrosis of the heart and lung make up a significant proportion of fibrosis-related deaths. It has long been established that the heart and lung are functionally and geographically linked when it comes to health and disease, and thus exploring the processes and mechanisms that contribute to fibrosis of each organ, the focus of this review, may help to highlight potential avenues of therapeutic investigation.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2017.00777/fullcardiac fibrosispulmonary fibrosisheart failuremyocardial infarctionidiopathic pulmonary hypertensionacute respiratory distress syndrome |