| Summary: | In the context of the radical political project led by President Evo Morales, the paper addresses the double issue of the creation of a new national imaginary and a novel political subject in contemporary Bolivia. A detailed analysis of the new Constitution captures the semantic changes towards intercultural plurality of its key concepts, such as « nation» or « people» , and its impact on the institutional architecture of the new model of multinational state, in particular through the multiple autonomies system. The results suggest that the adoption of a new state indigeneity, based on the historical recovery of the “indigenous” category, has propelled the latter to the level of almost consensual protagonist in the current national refounding process.
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