Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) burden is increasing globally. However, evidence regarding nutrient patterns associated with the biomarkers of T2D is limited. This study set out to determine the nutrient patterns associated with fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin the biomarkers of T2D. Factor analysis w...
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doaj-7c3cfedc66664e308a2c6310ba1c303d2020-11-25T01:12:09ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432017-01-0191910.3390/nu9010009nu9010009Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African PopulationTinashe Chikowore0Pedro T. Pisa1Tertia van Zyl2Edith J. M. Feskens3Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen4Karin R. Conradie5Centre for Excellence in Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, North West Province, South AfricaWits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2000, South AfricaCentre for Excellence in Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, North West Province, South AfricaDivision of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The NetherlandsCentre for Excellence in Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, North West Province, South AfricaCentre for Excellence in Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, North West Province, South AfricaType 2 diabetes (T2D) burden is increasing globally. However, evidence regarding nutrient patterns associated with the biomarkers of T2D is limited. This study set out to determine the nutrient patterns associated with fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin the biomarkers of T2D. Factor analysis was used to derive nutrient patterns of 2010 participants stratified by urban/rural status and gender. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to 25 nutrients, computed from the quantified food frequency questionnaires (QFFQ). Three nutrient patterns per stratum, which accounted for 73% of the variation of the selected nutrients, were identified. Multivariate linear regression models adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity, education attained, alcohol intake, seasonality and total energy intake were computed. Starch, dietary fibre and B vitamins driven nutrient pattern was significantly associated with fasting glucose (β = −0.236 (−0.458; −0.014); p = 0.037) and glycated haemoglobin levels (β = −0.175 (−0.303; −0.047); p = 0.007) in rural women. Thiamine, zinc and plant protein driven nutrient pattern was associated with significant reductions in glycated haemoglobin and fasting glucose ((β = −0.288 (−0.543; −0.033); p = 0.027) and (β = −0.382 (−0.752; −0.012); p = 0.043), respectively) in rural men. Our results indicate that plant driven nutrient patterns are associated with low fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/1/9plant basedfasting glucose and glycated haemoglobinT2Ddietary patterns |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tinashe Chikowore Pedro T. Pisa Tertia van Zyl Edith J. M. Feskens Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen Karin R. Conradie |
spellingShingle |
Tinashe Chikowore Pedro T. Pisa Tertia van Zyl Edith J. M. Feskens Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen Karin R. Conradie Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population Nutrients plant based fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin T2D dietary patterns |
author_facet |
Tinashe Chikowore Pedro T. Pisa Tertia van Zyl Edith J. M. Feskens Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen Karin R. Conradie |
author_sort |
Tinashe Chikowore |
title |
Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population |
title_short |
Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population |
title_full |
Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population |
title_fullStr |
Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nutrient Patterns Associated with Fasting Glucose and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in a Black South African Population |
title_sort |
nutrient patterns associated with fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels in a black south african population |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2017-01-01 |
description |
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) burden is increasing globally. However, evidence regarding nutrient patterns associated with the biomarkers of T2D is limited. This study set out to determine the nutrient patterns associated with fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin the biomarkers of T2D. Factor analysis was used to derive nutrient patterns of 2010 participants stratified by urban/rural status and gender. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to 25 nutrients, computed from the quantified food frequency questionnaires (QFFQ). Three nutrient patterns per stratum, which accounted for 73% of the variation of the selected nutrients, were identified. Multivariate linear regression models adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, physical activity, education attained, alcohol intake, seasonality and total energy intake were computed. Starch, dietary fibre and B vitamins driven nutrient pattern was significantly associated with fasting glucose (β = −0.236 (−0.458; −0.014); p = 0.037) and glycated haemoglobin levels (β = −0.175 (−0.303; −0.047); p = 0.007) in rural women. Thiamine, zinc and plant protein driven nutrient pattern was associated with significant reductions in glycated haemoglobin and fasting glucose ((β = −0.288 (−0.543; −0.033); p = 0.027) and (β = −0.382 (−0.752; −0.012); p = 0.043), respectively) in rural men. Our results indicate that plant driven nutrient patterns are associated with low fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels. |
topic |
plant based fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin T2D dietary patterns |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/1/9 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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