Diosgenin and galactomannans, natural products in the pharmaceutical sciences

• Main Authors: Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun, Diorge Jonatas Marmitt, Qi Cheng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2021-06-01
• Series: Clinical Phytoscience
• Subjects: Health benefits; Diosgenin; Galactomannans; Natural products
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-021-00288-y

Abstract Background Diosgenin is an isospirostane derivative, which is a steroidal sapogenin and the product of acids or enzymes hydrolysis process of dioscin and protodioscin. Galactomannans are heteropolysaccharides composed of D-mannose and D-galactose, which are major sources of locust bean, guar, tara and fenugreek. Methods Literature survey was accomplished using multiple databases including PubMed, Science Direct, ISI web of knowledge and Google Scholar. Results Four major sources of seed galactomannans are locust bean (Ceratonia siliqua), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), tara (Caesalpinia spinosa Kuntze), and fenugreek (T.foenum-graecum). Diosgenin has effect on immune system, lipid system, inflammatory and reproductive systems, caner, metabolic process, blood system, blood glucose and calcium regulation. The most important pharmacological benefits of galactomannan are antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antiviral activities, and appropriate for dengue virus and gastric diseases. Conclusions Considering the importance of diosgenin and galactomannans, the obtained findings suggest potential of diosgenin and galactomannans as natural products in pharmaceutical industries.